14 MM. Kowalevsky and Barrois on Anchinia. 
the disposition of all the internal organs especially approaches 
that of Doliolum; the cloaca, the branchia, the endostyle, the 
intestine, and the genital organs have a form and arrangement 
almost the same as in the latter. Leaving out of considera- 
tion the regular form of a little cask, with muscular bands 
respresenting its hoops, which Doliolum possesses, the same 
description might apply to both. 
The conformity is still greater if, instead of comparing 
Anchinia with the adult form of Doliolum, we compare it with 
the buds. These are attached to the stolon which bears 
them, by a peduncle, of which the point of attachment is at 
the level of the endostyle, and which throws the cloacal aper- 
ture towards the dorsal or neural side. The presence of this 
peduncle and the dorsal position of the aperture of the cloaca 
constitute of themselves a resemblance of great importance 
between Anchinia and Doliolum; but its significance becomes 
much greater when we consider that the Anchiniw absolutely 
resemble the buds of Doliolwm in the conditions of their exis- 
tence. We may suppose that the Anchinie are Doliola which 
have remained stationary, and which retain throughout life up 
to sexual maturity the embryonic form of the buds of Doliolum. 
In Doliolum the buds, in order to attain to sexual maturity, 
separate from the stolon and commence an errant life, during 
which their musculature and their general form become 
adapted to these new conditions of existence. In Anchinia 
the buds remain attached to the stolon, attain sexual maturity 
in this state, and retain throughout life the embryonic form of 
the buds of Doliolum. 
The more detailed comparison of the buds of Doliolum with 
those of Anchinia also reveals great resemblances ;_ the pedun- 
cle which attaches the Doliolum to the stolon upon which it is 
implanted has its point of attachment to the animal situated 
between the endostyle and the cloacal aperture; the same 
thing occurs in Anchinia, as in most of the Tunicata which | 
are reproduced by gemmation; but between these last and 
Doliolum and Anchinia there exists a very grave and indeed 
capital difference: in the Tunicata generally the union which 
takes place at the level of the peduncle, between the bud and 
the parent or the stolon which has given origin to it, is quite 
intimate; the ectoderm of the buds is only the prolongation of 
the ectoderm of the parent or of the stolon, and its endoderm 
passes directly into the endoderm of the stolon (as in the 
Salpe) or of the parent (as in the Ascidia, Pyrosoma &c.). 
On the contrary, in Doliolum and Anchinia the peduncle of 
the bud is simply adherent (attached without intimate union 
of the tissues) to a small corresponding elevation of the stolon. 
