Bibliographical Notices. 279 
merged in one. Mandible, molars, limb-bones, and vertebrae are 
described in so far as is necessary to illustrate the differences of 
the genus from Stvatheriwm; and these structures show that in length 
of limb it was nearest to Halladotheriwn, in structure of horns 
nearest to Sivatheriwm, and that in length of neck it is nearer to 
Vishnutherium and the giraffe than to the Sivatheres. The Hydaspi- 
therium grande is known from upper molars, mandible, caleaneum, 
and a proximal phalange. The author considers it possible that 
more abundant materials may place the species in a new genus. 
Branatherivm is another genus of four-horned ruminants, dis- 
tinguished by the arrangement of the horns. The only species known 
is the B. perimense of ‘Falconer, and no new specimens have been 
found since the type was first described by that author. The horns, 
as is well known, consist of a conjoined anterior pair rising between 
the orbits and a second pair of large size rising from distinct bases 
at the sides of the occiput. 
Swatherium giganteum is only noticed in so far as Mr. Lydekker’s 
views differ from those of previous writers, and to describe some 
teeth, vertebree, and metapodial bones. The author differs from 
Dr. Murie, who regarded Sivatherium as most nearly allied to Anti- 
locapra, because it is only in Siwatheriwn, the giraffe, the Irish elk, 
the true elk, and some other deer that the lobes of the molars are 
oblique to the long axis of the teeth, so as to overlap one another, 
while their enamel has a rugose structure. In Antilocapra and all 
cavicorn ruminants the enamel of the molars is nearly smooth 
and the lobes of the teeth are always set straight, so as never to 
overlap. The memoir concludes with seven plates, illustrative of 
teeth, cervical vertebree, and metapodial and podial bones. 
The term Selenodont Suina is used to define an extinct group of 
pig-like Ungulata which have the inner pair of cusps of the upper 
molars of crescentic form ; and this group in India comprises Anthra- 
cotherium and Hyopotamus, which the author believes may even- 
tually have to be united. Another family is represented by Mixo- 
thertum, and a third by Diplopus. The second or tetracuspidate 
division of the Selenodont group comprises the Merycopotamide and 
the Oreodontid, and a third division includes the Anoplotheres. 
The author observes that the Hyopotamids pass insensibly into the 
genus Cainotherium, which is a true ruminant; but the Oreodons 
are probably the progenitors of the ancestors of the camel, and 
the Anoplotheres are as closely related to the ruminant Xiphodons. 
Feeding for the most part on food that required fine trituration, 
their snouts are shorter than in the true pigs. 
The account of the Anthracotheride, which belong to a group in 
which the upper molars have five cusps, commences with the typical 
genus Anthracotheriwm, which is met with throughout the Pliocene . 
period. The Indian forms are Anthracotherium hyopotamoides of 
Lydekker and Anthracotheriwm silistrense of Pentland. This latter 
species, which has numerous synonyms, is known from the upper 
molars, which were first figured by the Geological Society in 1829, 
and the mandible. The second species is founded on an upper 
