Knowledge of the Spongida. 325 
raised in vertical ridges over the stem, which extend radia- 
tingly more or less to the circumference. Vents scattered over 
the surface as simple holes, which may be marginated or stelli- 
form. Whiteness of the incrustation, which extends suffici- 
ently deep to include the marginal cavities, followed by a 
light brown colour of the fibre which, charged with the spicules 
of the species, increases in density of structure towards the axis 
or centre. Spicule of one form only, viz. acerate, curved, 
fusiform, smooth, sharp-pointed, varying in size from 11-30 
by 1-+-1800ths inch in its greatest dimensions (Pl. XIV. 
fig. 16, a), the smaller, mixed with the longer ones, echinating 
the surface. Size of specimen 10 inches high, 11 inches 
broad, and 28 inches round its greatest horizontal diameter. 
Hab. Marine. 
Loc. Swan River, W. Australia. 
Obs. There are at least four specimens of this species in the 
general collection of the British Museum, viz. :—no. 592,regis- 
tered 72. 5. 21. 41, which is that above described; no. 534, 
registered 59. 10. 7. 24, both from Australia; and nos. 197 
and 506, bearing the nos. of the dealer only, viz. “42a” and 
“426” respectively. No. 20, registered 71. 5. 12.1, from 
Port Elizabeth, S. Africa, appears to be of the same kind; 
but this possesses an acuate spicule together with a small 
acerate. Nos. 534 and 20 present the radiating lmes men- 
tioned with the same kind of acerate spicule (Pl. XIV. 
fig. 16,6), but no conspicuous vents; while nos. 592 and 506 
do present vents; still, as I have above stated, all appear to 
belong to the same category. 
To this group I think we may relegate Dr. Bowerbank’s 
genus ‘‘ Ciocalypta,” established in 1866 (Mon. B. 8. vol. ii. 
p- 5), of which he has described and illustrated three species, 
viz. Ciocalypta penicillus, C. Leet, and C. Tyler’; the first 
two are British, and the last species, of which there is also a 
specimen in the British Museum (no. 24, reg. no. 71. 5. 12. 
1), comes from Algoa Bay, at the Cape of Good Hope. They 
are all composed of what Dr. Bowerbank has called the “peni- 
cillate organ,” that is our “ proliferous, erect, conical column,”’ 
grouped together in greater or less plurality. (See represen- 
tation of C. penicillus, Mon. B.S. vol. iii. pl. xii. fig. 2; and 
of C. Tylert, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1873, pl. iv. fig. 9.) C. 
Leet, however, of which a single “ penicillate organ” only is 
represented in Dr. Bowerbank’s illustrations of this species 
(op. cit. vol. iii. pl. Ixxxvi. fig. 1), exists in great plurality on 
one specimen in the Kent collection, from the coast of Por- 
tugal, in the British Museum (no. 7), if Iam right in iden- 
tifying the two, which I see no reason to doubt, although the 
