146 



CEUISE OF STEAMER CORWTN IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN. 



Moraines more or less wasted, and reformations of moraine material, smooth overswep' ridges 

 with Glacial trends and the corresponding' valleys, roches moutonnees, and the fountain amphi- 

 theaters of local glaciers were observed almost everywhere on the mountainous portions of the 

 coast, though in general more deeply weathered, owing mainly to the occurrence of less resisting 

 rocks, limestones, sandstones, and porous lavas. &<\ 



king's island. 



A number of well-characterized in >raines so situated with reference to topographical conditions 

 as to have escaped, destructive washing were noticed near Cape Lisburne, and moraine deposits 

 of great extent at Kotzebue Sound and Golovin Bay, of which many fine sections were exposed. 



At the latter locality, judging from the .comparatively fresh appearance of the rock surfaces 

 and deposits around the head of the bay, and the height and extent of the ice-fountains, the glacier 

 that discharged here was probably the last to vanisn from the American shore of Bering Sea. 



As to the thickness attained by the ice-sheet over the regions we have been examining during 

 the period of greatest Glacial development, we have seen that it passed heavily over the islands of 

 Bering Sea and the adjacent mountains on either side, especially at East Cape and Cape Prince 

 of Wales, at a height of 2,500 feet or more above the bottom of Bering Sea and Strait, the 

 average depth of water here being about 150 feet. And though the lowest portion of the land 

 beneath the ice may have been degraded to a considerable depth subsequent to the time these 



EJ.'IGKIioN MUIRII, GRAY (u. sp.). 



highest portions were left bare, on the other hand the level of the ice must have been considerably 

 higher than the summits over which it passed, inasmuch as they give evidence of having been 



