EECOGNITION OF FRIENDS. 411 



the board. Five of them did so on the half of the 

 board nearest to the nest, and eight on that turned 

 away from it ; I then timed three of them. They all 

 found the nest eventually, but it took them ten, twelve, 

 and twenty minutes respectively. Again, I took forty 

 ants which were feeding on some honey, and put them 

 down on a gravel path about 50 yards from the nest, 

 and in the middle of a square 18 inches in diameter, 

 which I marked out on the path by straws. They 

 wandered about with every appearance of having lost 

 themselves, and crossed the boundary in all directions. 

 I marked down where they left the square, and then 

 took them near the nest, which they joyfully entered. 

 Two of them, however, we watched for an hour. They 

 meandered about, and at the end of the time one was 

 about 2 feet from where she started, but scarcely any 

 nearer home ; the other about 6 feet away, and nearly 

 as much further from home. 



I prepared a corresponding square on paper, and, 

 having indicated by the arrow the direction of the nest, 

 I marked down the spot where each ant passed the 

 boundary. They crossed it in all directions ; and if the 

 square were divided into two halves, one towards the 

 nest and one away from it, the number in. each was 

 almost exactly the same. 



Recognition op Friends. 



In the interesting memoir already cited Forel 

 says : — ' Lubbock {I. c.) a cru demontrer que les four- 

 mis enlevees de leur nid a I'etat de uymphe et ecloses 

 hors de chez elles etaient neanmoins reconnues par 

 leurs compagnes lorsqu'on les leur rendait. Dans mes 

 *'Fourmis de la Suisse " j'avais cru demontrer le con- 

 traire. Voici une experience que j'ai faite ces jours-ci : 

 le 7 aout, je donne des nymphes de Formica pratensis 

 pr^s d'eclore a quelques Formica sanguinea dans une 



