78 PALAEOTHERIUM. 
The antero-posterior diameter of the tooth to which this fragment belonged, is 
one inch ten and a half lines. The specimen still retains a portion of the internal 
basal cingulum, extending anteriorly and posteriorly, and also portions of the two 
enamel pits with the intervening antero-posterior valley of the tooth. 
The other fragment of a premolar, alluded to, consists of the fangs and a portion 
of the outer lobes, which exhibits the same peculiarities as those already described. 
Dr. Evans states, in the report of Dr. Owen, previously quoted, that the remains 
of the Pulaeotherium (Titanotherium) Proutii were found in a green, argillo-calcareous, 
indurated stratum, situated within ten feet of the base of the geological section. 
(See page 13 of this memoir.) He observes: “A jaw of this species was found, 
measuring, as it lay in its matrix, five feet along the range of the teeth, but in such 
a friable condition that only a portion of it could be dislodged; and this, notwith- 
standing all the precautions used in packing and transportation, fell to pieces.” 
“A nearly entire skeleton of the same animal was discovered in a similar posi- 
tion, which measured, as it lay imbedded, eighteen feet in length, and nine feet in 
height.” 
The specific name applied to the animal whose remains have just been described, 
was proposed in a letter to the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, by 
Drs. Owen, Norwood, and Evans, in honor of Dr. Hiram A. Prout, of St. Louis, 
who first indicated its existence. 
PALAEOTHERIEUM, Cuvier. 
Palacotherium giganteum, Levy. 
(Plate XVII, Figs. 11-13.) 
In the collections of Messrs. Culbertson and Dr. Owen, there are several frag- 
ments of molar teeth of an animal equally huge with the Titanotherium, and most 
probably belonging to a species of Palaeotherium, which was twice the size of the 
Pulaeotherium magnum. 
The fragments, of which there are five, are only single external lobes of the 
upper molars. These, externally, correspond to the description of Cuvier of the 
teeth of Palaeotherium. A conjoined, pair of the lobes forming the outer part of a 
tooth, “present the external face strongly inclined inwards in descending, and divided 
by three salient ridges into two concavities, which are rounded towards the fangs, and 
terminate in a triangular cusp at the masticating surface, the basal angles of which 
rest upon the termination of the salient ridges.” The median ridge is a thick 
obtuse fold outwards of the tooth, and the anterior and posterior ridges are acute, 
roughened offsets from the basal ridge, descending to the masticating surface. 
The measurements of the more perfect specimens are as follows :— 
Inches. Lines. 
Length of the longest lobe 2 4 
Length of a second specimen : 2 0 
Breadth of the second specimen at the nea sine e of ‘he cusp . 3 1 8 
Length of the shortest lobe : 1 7 
Breadth of the shortest lobe at the basal ales of the’ cusp . 1 3 
