1892.] DwiGHT, Summer Birds of the Pennsylvania Alleghanies. I^^y 



Carpodacus purpureus. Purple Finch. A few individuals were seen 

 about the hotel on North Mountain. Dr. Warren states that this species 

 breeds sparingly, particularly in the northern part of the State. Baird 

 did not find it breeding. 



Loxia curvirostra minor. American Crossbill. — A flock of a dozen 

 was seen on North Mountain June 16, and previously a couple had been 

 heard flying over. Dr. Warren says of the species that it breeds regularly 

 in several counties. Baird does not record it as a summer bird. 



Spinus tristis. American Goldfinch. — Several seen nearly every 

 daj', of course not in the deep woods. 



Passer domesticus. English Sparrow. — Found everywhere, of 

 course, except on North Mountain, and I suppose it must be included in 

 the list. 



Poocaetes gramineus. Grass Finch. — There was not enough open 

 ground on North Mountain to attract this species which was one of the 

 most abundant birds in the vicinity of Cresson and in the valley region. 



Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna. Savanna Sparrow. — This 

 species, which Dr. Warren mentions as rare and occurring in a few coun- 

 ties, was found at Cresson. A large colc>ny was established in a wet pas- 

 ture, and a few other individuals were encountered. Baird does not 

 record the species as breeding. 



Ammodramus savannarum passsriiius. Grasshopper Sparrow. — 

 Several pairs were found in the same meadow as the preceding species, 

 but occupying drier portions of it. In the valley region they abounded, 

 but the wooded character of North Mountain naturally precluded their 

 occurrence there. 



Spizella socialis. Chipping Sparrow. — Common everywhere, even 

 about the hotel on North Mountain, but not in the deep wood. 



Spizella pusilla. Field Sparrow. — Fully as abundant as the preced- 

 ing species, particularly where bushy fields attracted them. A few were 

 in the clearing on North Mountain. 



Junco hyemalis. Slate-colored Junco. — The birds of the region ap- 

 proach a little more closely true hyemalis \.\\?t.r\ they do the form carolinen- 

 sis of the high mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee. The question 

 is fully discussed by me in a recent article (see 'Auk,' VIII, 1891, pp. 290- 

 292). The examination of additional material brings out no new facts. 

 Some specimens are quite indistinguishable from carolinensis, but tlie 

 majority difler little from northern specimens of true hyemalis. The 

 birds are distributed all over the more elevated country, nowhere abun- 

 dant, but a few were iuet with almost every day, whether in the forest or in 

 theopen. I found them sometimes as low as 1000 feet elevation. The males 

 were in full song, thus constantly betraying their presence. Young birds 

 were on the wing during both of my visits. Baird did not record it as 

 breeding near Carlisle. R. M. S. Jackson in i860, in a book called 'The 

 Mountain,' containing a long list of the birds of this very region, said of 



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