1 86 Recettt Literature. [April 



The memoir is divided into two parts, entitled respectively 'special" and 

 'general.' The first part, treating of the behavior of birds in relation to 

 strange eggs in their nests, is divided into {A), in respect to eggs of the 

 same species, (i) when laid by birds, (2) when placed there by man; {B) 

 in respect to eggs of other species, (i) when placed there by man, (2) 

 when laid by birds. Numerous cases are cited wiiere t\yo or more females 

 of the same species lay in the same nest, and various experiments are re- 

 counted where eggs have been introduced into birds' nests for the purpose 

 of noting the behavior of the owners of the nest under the novel intru- 

 sion. Considerable space is given to the consideration of the behavior 

 of domesticated birds (pigeons, common fowls, ducks, etc., and cage 

 birds), when other than their own eggs are given them for incubation; 

 while many experiments are recounted of placing small hen's eggs in 

 owl's nests, and various wild birds' eggs in the nests of other species. 

 Mr. Leverkiihn's essay contains much curious and interesting informa- 

 tion, of which a convenient digest is given in tabular form in the second 

 part. — J. A. A. 



Jackel's Birds of Bavaria* — This posthumous work, edited by Dr. 

 Rudolf Blasius, embodies the results of the careful and long-continued 

 field studies of Pastor Jackel upon the birds of Bavaria. The work, as 

 implied in the title, treats of their habits, distribution, migrations, etc., 

 the accounts of the different species varying in length from a few lines to 

 many pages (nearly twenty are given to the Steinadler {^Aquila fulva). 

 The number of species treated is 312. The nomenclature is not the most 

 recent, being that employed by Keyserling and Blasius in their 'Die Wir- 

 belthiere Europas,' piablished in 1840. 



The editor's introduction gives a sketch of the author's life, a list of his 

 principal ornithological papers (1848-1875), and the circumstances at- 

 tending the publication of the present book. Jackel died on the 12th of 

 July, 1885, after a long period of ill health; during the last ten years of 

 his life he published very little, although he continued to make observa- 

 tions till 1884, which he transmitted to the German Committee on Bird 

 Migiation, of which Dr. Blasius was president. Dr. Blasius speaks of him 

 as being little known to the younger ornithologists, though entitled to a 

 place in the front rank of the students of Bavarian birds, mammals and 

 fishes ; and believes that his 'Vogel Bayerns' will give him always a place 

 in the list of German naturalists. Dr. Blasius has himself contributed 

 much to the value of the work, which he has brought down to date, 

 through the cooperation of numerous correspondents to whom he sent 

 circulars of inquiry respecting many of the rarer species. These addi- 

 tions appear as inedited notes, signed with his initials. — J. A. A. 



*Systcmatische Uebersicht der Vogel Bayerns mit Riicksicht auf das ortliche und 

 quantitative Vorkommen der Vogel, ihre Lebensweise, ihren Zug und ihre Abande- 

 rungen. Von Andreas Johannes Jackel. Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Rudolf 

 Blasius. Miinchen und Leipzig, 189I. 8vo. pp. xxiv, 392. Frontispiece (portrait of 

 the author). 



