144 Bowles, Birds of Tacoma, Wash. [ April 



103. Sphyrapicus ruber notkensis. Northern Red-breasted Sap- 

 sucker. — Not uncommon in summer in the Puyallup Valley. Breeds. 

 Rare in winter, but of regular occurrence. 



104. Ceophlceus pileatus abieticola. Northern Pileated Wood- 

 pecker. — A rather rare resident of the fir timber. Breeds. 



105. Asyndesmus torquatus. Lewis's Woodpecker. — Common 

 summer resident of the Puyallup Valley. Breeds. 



106. Colaptes cafer collaris. Red-shafted Flicker. — Not uncom- 

 mon migrant. Breeds east of the Cascades. 



107. Colaptes cafer saturation Northwestern Flicker. — Resi- 

 dent. Common in summer, but scarcer in winter. Nests everywhere. 



108. Chordeiles virginianus. Nighthawk. — Common summer resi- 

 dent. Often lays its eggs on the roofs of houses in the city. 



109. Cypseloides niger borealis. Black Swift. — Not uncommon in 

 spring and fall, and always seen in flocks of six or more. 



110. Chsetura vauxii. Vaux's Swift. — Not uncommon summer 

 resident, breeding regularly in the Puyallup Valley. Nests in the hollow 

 tops of dead cotton-wood trees, 100 feet or more from the ground. 



111. Selasphorus rufus. Rufous Hummer. — Common summer resi- 

 dent and one of our earliest migrants. Arrives late in March and lays the 

 first set of eggs by April 15, before the last snow has gone. 



112. Selasphorus alleni. Allen's Hummer. — Have seen this bird 

 only in spring migrations, when it is far from common. 



113. Stellula calliope. Calliope Hummer. — A rare summer visitor 

 from the Cascades. Saw one in Wright Park on May 10, 1905. 



114. Tyrannus tyrannus. Kingbird. — A rare summer visitor. Not 

 uncommon in summer east of the Cascades. 



115. Tyrannus verticalis. Arkansas Kingbird. — A rare summer 

 visitor. Common summer resident east of the Cascades. 



116. Myiarchus cinerascens. Ash-throated Flycatcher. — Avery 

 rare summer visitor. Saw a pair on May 24, 1905. Have found it nesting 

 at North Yakima, east of the Cascades. 



117. Sayornis saya. Say's Phosbe. — A rare summer visitor from 

 east of the Cascades. 



118. Nuttallornis borealis. Olive-sided Flycatcher. — An un- 

 common though regular summer resident. Breeds. 



119. Contopus richardsonii. Western Wood Pewee. — Rather com- 

 mon during migrations, but a rare summer resident. Breeds. 



120. Empidonax difncilis. Western Flycatcher. — Common sum- 

 mer resident. Builds its nest anywhere, in the midst of the city or in the 

 deepest wood, six inches up in a fern or forty feet up in a fir. 



121. Empidonax traillii. Traill's Flycatcher. — Common summer 

 resident. Essentially a bird of the lowlands, seldom encroaching on the 

 range of E. difficilis, which prefers higher elevations. Breeds. 



122. Empidonax hammondi. Hammond's Flycatcher. — Not com- 

 mon, but a regular summer resident. Breeds. 



