18 TowNSEND, Summer Birds of the Si. John Valley; N. B. [jan! 



water route." Mr. O. W. Knight in his 'Birds of Maine' in speak- 

 ing of the Rose-breasted Grosbeak, which he states " is rare along 

 the coast and in certain of the central portions of the State, while 

 north it is again locally common," says: " It seems quite probable 

 indeed that these northern representatives of the species enter the 

 State from the west and pass across it by some regular migration 

 route." Montague Chamberlain, in the Bulletin of the Natural 

 History Society of New Brunswick, No. II, 1883, p. 40, says 

 " that many of the species of birds rarely met with in the vicinity 

 of the coast of the Bay of Fundy during the breeding season are 

 much more abundant at that time beyond the line across which 

 the humidity and low temperature so characteristic of this coast 

 at that season do not penetrate, said line being drawn some 15 

 or 20 miles from the shore of the Bay." 



That some of these birds of the St. John valley that are less 

 common farther south on the coast, migrate north in the interior 

 until they reach the valley of the St. John, and follow it until they 

 are arrested by the colder regions bordering the Bay of Fundy, 

 seems therefore a not unlikely theory. The fact that on July 31 

 I saw forty-five Night Hawks flying as if in migration in a northerly 

 direction over the river valley at Wickham is certainly suggestive. 



The further extension of migration routes from this warm St. 

 John Valley to the north is clearly shown in an interesting paper 

 by Professor W. F. Ganong (Bull. Nat. History Soc. of New Bruns- 

 wick, Vol. V, part iv, 190G, pp. 423-433). One of these natural 

 migration routes extends northwest along Washademoak Lake, 

 a great drowned side valley of the St. John River above Wickham, 

 the Canaan and the Buctouche Rivers, Northumberland Straits, 

 Prince Edwards Island, and Cascumpec Harbor. North of this 

 and parallel with it is a route by way of Grand Lake, Salmon 

 and Richibucto Rivers, while farther north the Nashwaak and 

 Miramichi Rivers together, and the Nepisiquit and the Restigouche 

 Rivers form three other obvious routes. Besides these, Professor 

 Ganong has sketched numerous probable and possible valleys all 

 extending northeast and southwest. 



On the southern coast of the Labrador Peninsula, in the Mingan 

 region, the avifauna as far east as Natashquan is largely Canadian 

 with a sprinkling of birds of the Hudsonian zone anfl exen of some 



