^^^ioif^"^] Bishop, Birds in the Markets of Southern Europe. 189 



open and full of birds of many species." In the Kabyle country 

 in the Atlas mountains, where we were Jan. 14 to 16, birds were 

 not yery plenty, but I noticed Common Crows, Kestrels and 

 Harriers from the train, and a very large flock apparently of 

 Thrushes collecting in a wooded swamp toward evening. On the 

 open plains of the high plateau of Algeria, across which we passed 

 by train, birds were not very common, as was to be expected in such 

 a country in the depth of winter; still I noticed frequent flocks of 

 small birds and was able to identify Skylarks and White Wagtails. 

 In the palm-groves of Biskra small birds were again plenty, and 

 some at least were European species. 



Farther east in the interior of Algeria I noticed from the train 

 on Feb. 3, very many Lapwings and Common Crows and large 

 flocks of small birds, and small birds were abundant at Hammam 

 Meskoutine on Feb. 8. On Feb. 11 I note "saw many birds, 

 largely larks, near Carthage," and on Feb. 15 and 16, during an 

 automobile trip of some 150 miles between Kairouan and Tunis, 

 I write " saw great numbers of Larks, Sky, Crested and Calandra, 

 very large flock of Ducks, also Lapwings and other species." Both 

 these days at Kairouan and Tunis we had Larks for dinner. 



In Sicily small birds seemed by no means abundant, as might be 

 expected from the generally treeless and bushless landscape, but 

 in the old quarries at Syracuse, now filled with luxuriant vegetation, 

 birds were again abundant. Near Naples the latter part of March 

 birds seemed uncommon, and the same was true of the trip from 

 Naples to Rome, and from Rome to Florence; but Kestrels (Falco 

 tinnunculus) , appeared to be breeding in the capitals of the pillars 

 at St. Peter's at Rome on April 4, others in the niches in the Lean- 

 ing Tower at Bologna on April 20, and still others in the Amphi- 

 theatre at Verona on April 26. In the environs of Ravenna on 

 April 18, from the train between Ravenna and Milan, Milan and 

 Como, and from Milan to Venice, and about the Italian Lakes 

 especially the latter part of April, birds were plenty, and I wrote 

 "noticed birds fully as frequently as at home." In Venice the 

 last of April large Swifts wheeled over the canal and buildings in 

 good numbers, and there were many birds in the Public Gardens 

 on April 27. At Kahlenburg near Vienna on May 13, and at 

 Babelsburg near Berlin on May 17, birds were abundant, and I 



