474 Harlow, Breeding Birds of Center County, Pa. [oct. 



45. Quiscalus quiscula aeneus. Bronzed Grackle. — Both forms 

 of the Grackle have been taken here during the nesting season, but the most 

 common form is intermediate between the two. They nest most commonly 

 in coniferous trees about estates and lay their four or five eggs about May 5. 



46. Astragalinus tristis tristis. Goldfinch. — Breeds abundantly 

 throughout the open valleys, in orchards, about estates and in shade 

 trees as well as in patches of second growth. In 1911 I found sets of 

 from four to six eggs, from July 23 to August 11. 



47. PooBcetes gramineus gramineus. Vesper Sparrow. — Breeds 

 abundantly in the open fields, showing a preference for high drj' 

 ground and raises two broods. In 1911 I took a set of four eggs on 

 July 24. 



48. Passerculus sandwichensis savanna. Savannah Sparrow. — 

 Breeds rarely in the open fields of the valleys. My only record is a nest 

 and two far incubated eggs which I collected on July 20, 1911. 



49. Ammodramus savannarum australis. Grasshopper Spar- 

 row.— Breeds abundantly in the grassy fields and meadows throughout 

 the valleys, but I have not found any occupied nests. On July 20, 1911, 

 a deserted nest with one fresh egg was found. 



50. Spizella passerina passerina. Chipping Sparrow. — Breeds 

 abundantly throughout the valleys, in orchards and shade trees as well as 

 in vines about houses, and raises two broods. The first set of three or 

 four eggs is deposited about May 10. 



51. Spizella pusilla pusilla. Field Sparrow . — Abundant, nesting 

 in old weedy pastures and fields, where there are patches of briers or 

 bushes. Raises two broods and the first set of three or four eggs is laid 

 about May 5 — the second set in early July. 



52. Melospiza melodia melodia. Song Sparrow. — Breeds abun- 

 dantly throughout the open valleys. Two or three broods are reared and 

 the four or five eggs may be found from May 1 until late in August. 



53. Pipilo erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus. Towhee. — 

 Nests abundantly in second growth in the mountains and about clearings 

 and less commonly in the valleys. On July 19, 1911, a nest with three 

 half incubated eggs was located. 



54. Passerina cyanea. Indigo Bunting. — Regular and fairly com- 

 mon breeder along the border of woods and in second growth and clearings 

 in the mountains, raising two broods. But two nests have been found. 



August 17, 1911. Four newly hatched young. 

 August 18, 1911. Three sUghtly incubated eggs. 



55. Piranga erythromelas Scarlet Tanager. — Rare breeder and 

 confined mostly to the mountains. It has been noted throughout the 

 summer in Stone Valley but no nests have been found. 



56. Progne subis subis. Purple Martin. — Breeds rarely and irreg- 

 ularly. In the summer of 1908 two pairs bred at State College, and two 

 pairs bred in 1912. 



57. Petrochelidon lunifrons lunifrons. Cliff Swallow. — Regu- 



