XV AVICULARIIDAE 389 
Their burrows are often surmounted by a sort of turret raised 
above the level of the ground. : 
(v.) The BARYCHELINAE are burrowing forms which resemble 
Nemesia, but have only two tarsal claws. JLeptopelma is the 
only European genus, and has close affinities with certain South 
American genera (Psalistops, Euthycoelus, etc.). Pisenor inhabits 
tropical Africa, and Dziplothele, unique in possessing only two 
spinning mammillae, is an inhabitant of India. 
(vi.) The AVICULARIINAE include all the large hairy spiders 
which are commonly called Mygale. The genus Phlogius, which 
inhabits Southern Asia, forms a lidless burrow, though it has no 
rastellus, but practically all the other members of the group are 
non-terricolous, living under stones or in holes in trees, where 
they weave a slight web. They are nocturnal in their habits. 
They all possess two tarsal claws, and the labium is free and 
spined at the tip. Of the four spinnerets the posterior pair are 
long and three-jointed, while the anterior are short and not very 
close together. 
The particular form of the tarsi and the nature of the 
scopulae,’ “ claw-tufts,” and spines upon them are of great import- 
ance in distinguishing the members of this group. 
The Avicularunae comprise about sixty genera from all the 
tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. 
The genus /schnocolus extends into the Mediterranean region, 
having representatives besides in Southern Asia and in Central and 
South America. Allthe tarsi have their scopulae divided longitudin- 
ally by a band of hairs. Chaetopelma inhabits Egypt, Syria, and 
Arabia, and Cyclosternum is found in West Africa as well as in 
Central and South America. In these genera the scopulae of the 
last two pairs of legs are alone divided. The largest known 
spider is Theraphosa leblondi, which is a native of Guiana. It 
measures 9 em. (about three and a half inches) in length. 
Eurypelma is a genus of large spiders entirely confined to 
the New World, where it possesses many species. The genus 
Avicularia is also American, and includes a number of large 
long-haired spiders with short and very strong legs, on which 
“1The ‘‘scopula” is the pad of close-set thick hairs which covers the under 
surface of the tarsus and often of the metatarsus. The ‘‘ claw-tufts” are groups of 
longer hairs, often extending beyond the claws, and giving the foot a bifid appear- 
ance. 
