aay THERIDIIDAE 405 
renders the aid of a microscope necessary to make out their 
structural peculiarities, robs them of their attractiveness to any 
but the ardent Arachnologist, but they number among them some 
of our most remarkable English forms, and many of them well 
repay examination. The smallest English species, Panamomops 
diceros, measures about 1 mm. (about 5 inch) in length. 
Many of the groups are jet black, some with dull and others 
with shiny integuments. They are never greatly variegated in 
hue, but the glossy black of the cephalothorax, combined with 
red-brown or yellow legs, gives to some species a rather rich 
coloration. 
It is impossible here to deal with this sub-family in detail. 
Some of its members must be familiar enough to everybody, and 
the reader is recommended to spend an hour of a warm autumn 
day in watching them depart on the ballooning excursions, of 
which a description has been given (see p. 341), from the knobs 
which surmount iron railings in a’ sunny 
spot. Among them he is pretty sure to 
find the genus Hrigone—containing some 
of the largest members of the group— 
strongly represented. 
In some species the male presents a 
remarkable difference from the female in 
the structure of its cephalothorax, which 
has the head region produced into 
eminences sometimes of the oddest con- 
formation. An extreme example is seen 
: 5 00 . : Fic. 209.—Profile of cephalo- 
in Walckenaera acuminata, a fine species “thorax of 1, Lophocarenum 
in which the male caput is produced into — msanum; 2, Dactylo- 
: 3 pisthes  digiticeps; 3, 
a sort of spire, bearing the eyes, and Whliheniera.  aenniote 
nearly as high as the cephalothorax is (+ abdomen); 4, Diplo- 
: cephalus bicephalus ; 5, 
Jong (Fig. 209, 3). Metopobractus ray. 
(vi.) The FormicinaE include only 
two genera, Formicina (South Europe) and Solenysa (Japan). 
They are somewhat ant-lke in appearance. 
(vii.) The LinypHlINae are closely allied to the Erigoninae, but 
the legs are usually armed with spines, and very commonly the 
female has a dentated claw at the end of the pedipalp. 
We include here about thirty genera of spiders of moderate or 
small size, living for the most part on bushes or herbage. The 
