502 PYCNOGONIDA - CHAP. 
tubular proboscis, at the apex of which is the mouth, suctorial, 
devoid of jaws; the body terminates in a narrow, limbless, 
unsegmented process, the so-called “abdomen,” at the end of 
which is the anal orifice. The body-ring to which is attached 
the first pair of legs, bears a tubercle carrying four eye-spots ; 
and below, it carries, in the male sex, a pair of small limbs, 
whose function is to grasp and hold the eggs, of which the 
male animal assumes the burden, carrying them beneath his 
body in a flattened coherent mass. In either sex a pair of 
sexual apertures open on the second joints of the last pair 
of legs. The integument of body and limbs is very strongly 
chitinised, brown in colour, and raised into strong bosses or 
tubercles along the middle*line of the back, over the lateral 
processes, and from joint to joint of the limbs. The whole 
animal has a singular likeness to the Whale-louse, Cyamus 
mysticeti (well described by Fr. Martins in 1675), that clings to 
the skin of the Greenland Whale as does Pycnogonum to the 
Anemone, a resemblance close enough to mislead some of the 
older naturalists, and so close that Linnaeus, though in no way 
misled thereby, named it Phalangium balaenarum. The sub- 
stance of the above account, and the perplexity attending the 
classification of the animal, are all included in Linnaeus’s short 
description :' “Simillimus Onisco Ceti, sed pedes omnes pluribus 
articulis, omnes perfecti, nec plures quam octo. Dorsum rubrum, 
pluribus segmentis; singulis tribus mucronibus. Cauda cylin- 
drica, brevissima, truncata. Rostrum membranaceum, sub- 
subulatum, longitudine pedum. Genus dubium, facie Onisci 
ceti; rostro a reliquis diversum. Cum solo rostro absque 
maxillis sit forte aptius Acaris aut proprio generi subjiciendum. 
. . Habitat in mari norvegico sub lapidibus.” * 
1 Syst. Nat. ed. xii. 1767, vol. ii. p. 1027. 
* Briinnich’s description (‘‘ Entomologia,” 1764), is still more accurate, and is 
worthy of transcription as an excellent example of early work. 
“Fig. iv. Novum genus, a R[ev.] D[om.] Strom inter phalangiis 
relatum, Séndm. 'Tom. i. p. 209, t. 1, f.17. Exemplar hujus 
insecti, quod munificentia R. Autoris possideo, ita describo ; 
Caput cum thorace unitum, tubo 6 excavato cylindrico, antice 
angustiore, postice in thoracem recepto, prominens ; Oculi iv. 
dorsales, a, in gibbositate thoracis positi ; c, Antennae 2 tubo 
breviores moniliformes, subtus in segmento thoracis, cui ocull 
insident, radicatae ; segmenta corporis, excepto tubo, iv., cum 
tuberculo e medio singuli segmenti prominulo. Pedes viii., singuli ex articulis vii. 
