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76 THE ameeica:^ bisons; 



of the buffalo have as yet been found in the Indian shell-mounds of 

 Atlantic coast,* while the bones of elk, deer, caribou^ bear, and other large 

 mammals and birds occur with greater or less frequency at different locali- 



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laro-e animals — nothino" like the buffalo — in Ms several distinct enumerations of the *' beasts." — Hak- 

 LUYT, Fo.va^es,YoL III, pp. 231-290. . 



Sir Francis Koberaul, in his account of his voyage up the St. Lawrence in 1542, says of the Indians: 



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*' They feed also of Stagges, wild Bores, Bugles, Porkespynes, and store of other wild bcastes." — Hak- 



LUYT, Vol. Ill, p. 290. 



In Hariot^s account of Yiro-inia, written in 1587, he enumerates among the beasts, *' Deere," " Conies,',' 



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"Saquenuckot, and Maquowoc, two kinds of small beasts, greater than Conies which are very good 

 meat," " Sqnirels " and " Beares," and adds : "I have the names of eight and twenty several! sorts of beasts, 

 which I have heard of to be here and there dispersed in the countrey, especially in the maine : of which 

 there are only twelve kinds that we have yet discovered, and of those that be good meat we know only 

 them before mentioned." — Hakluyt, YoL III, p. 333. - 



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In the Report of Gosnold's Yoyage (1602) to Northern Yirginia are enumerated " Deere in great store, 

 very great and large : Beares, Luzernes, blacke Foxes, Beavers, Otters, Wilde-cats, verylarge and great, 

 Do'Ts hke Foxes, blacke and sharpe-nosed ; Conies." — Purciias, Pilgrims, Yol. lY, p. 1653. 

 - Martin Pring, in the account of his voyage (made in 1603), speaks of the " Beasts " of Northern Yir- 



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o-inia. as follows : "We saw here also sundry sorts of Beasts, as Stags, Deere, Beares, Wolves, Foxes, Lu- 



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sei-nes, and Dogges with sharpe noses." Again, he says: "The Beasts here are Stags, fallow Deere in 



abundance, Beares, Wolves, Foxes, Lusernes [Baccoons], and (some say) Tygres, Porcupines and Dogges 

 with sharpe and long noses, with many other sorts of wild beasts, whose Cases and Furres being hereafter 

 purchased by exchange may yeeld no small gaine to us." — Puechas, YoL IY, pp. 1654, 1656. 



In James Kosier's account of a voyage made by Captain George Waymouth, in 1605, to Yirginia 

 we find, in his enumeration of the products of the country, the following : ^' Beass'ts, Deere red and 

 fallow, Beai-e, Wolfe, Beaver, Otter, Conie, Marterns, Sables, Hogs, Porkespines, Polcats, Cats, wild 

 great. Dogs some like Foxes, some like our other beasts the Savages signc unto us with homes and broatl 

 eares, which we take to be Olkes or Loshes." (Purchas, Yol. IY, p. 166 7.) The locality here referred 

 to more particularly was the mouth of the St. Lawrence Kiver, Yirginia at this time including the north- 

 ern portion of the Atlantic coast as far as it had been explored. .: : 



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Captain John Smith, in his Description of Yirginia, published in 1606, says : "Of Beasts, the chiefe are 

 Deare, nothing differing from ours. In the Desarts, towards the heads of the Rivers, there are many, but 

 amono-st the Rivers, few. There is a beast they call Arouglicun, much like a Badger, but useth to live on 

 trees as Squirrels doe. Their squirrels, some are neere as great as our smallest sort of wilde Eabbets, 



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some blackish or blacke and white, but the most are gray. A small beast they have, they call Assapaniclc, 

 but wee call them flying Squirrels, because spreading thicr legs, and so stretching the largeness of their 

 skinnes, that they have been seen to flie thirtie or fortie 'yards. An Opassam hath a head like a Swine, 

 and a taile like a Rat, and is of the bignesse of a Cat. Under her belly she hath a bag, wherein she lodg- 



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eth, carrieth, and suckleth her young. Mussascus, is a, beast of the forme and nature of our water Rats, but 



* I have been assured of this fact by the late Professor J. AVyman, and by Mr. F. W. Putnaijn, and 



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others who have made these prehistoric remains of the aborigines a special study. 



t See Wyman's Account of some Kjoekenmceddings, or Shell-heaps, in Maine and Massachusetts. — 

 Amer, Naturalist, Yol. I, pp. 561 - 584, 1868. 



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