54 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 
attacked by many species. 
SAPINDACELE. 
When they are planted in the streets of cities or in other unfavorable situa- 
tions and weakened by drought and insufficient nourishment, fungal diseases’ seriously affect them, 
often stripping them of their leaves by midsummer. 
The generic name Aisculus? was derived from the classical name of an Oak, or other mast-bearing 
tree. 
It was first used by Linneus, who discarded the earlier and better name of Tournefort,’ Hippo- 
castanum or Horse-chestnut, which indicates the resemblance of the large seeds to those of the Chestnut- 
tree, and their use by the Turks. 
boring Zeuzera pyrina, F. (Garden and Forest, iii. 30), and the de- 
structive Gypsy moth (Ocneria dispar, L., see Special Bulletin Lass. 
Agric. Col. Nov. 1889). 
1 A serious disease now common and widely spread through the 
northern United States is due to Phyllosticta spheropsoidea, E. & E. 
(Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, x. 97). 
summer, attacking the leaves of sculus Hippocastanum, E. gla- 
It makes its appearance in early 
bra, and other species cultivated as ornamental and shade trees, 
and becomes more marked as the season advances. It appears at 
first in early summer in the form of yellow discolorations with a 
rather reddish margin. Later the patches become quite brown, 
giving the leaves the appearance of having been scorched by fire, 
sometimes extending from the midrib to the margin of the leaflets, 
and not infrequently covering the portions between the lateral veins 
without passing across them. The fruit dots are black and scat- 
tered. A mildew, Uncinula flexuosa, is developed on the different 
species of Aisculus, and in the western states a rust fungus, cid- 
tum esculi, E. & K. (Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xi. 114), disfigures 
the leaves of sculus glabra. 
2 The name was written Esculus by Linneus in the Hortus Clif- 
fortianus and in the first edition of the Genera Plantarum, but was 
afterwards changed by him to sculus, to conform with the clas- 
sical spelling of the word. Esculus seems to have been first used 
in modern times by Caspar Bauhin (Pinaz, 420) in connection with 
the Oak-tree, afterwards called Quercus Esculus by Linneus. 
3 Inst. 611, t. 382. 
CONSPECTUS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ARBORESCENT SPECIES. 
Winter-buds without resinous coating. 
Petals nearly equal, shorter than the stamens; fruit tuberculate 
Petals unequal, longer than the stamens; fruit glabrous . 
Winter-buds resinous. 
Petals nearly equal, much shorter than the stamens; fruitsmooth. . ..... . 
1. ZE. GLABRA. 
2. JE. OCTANDRA. 
3. A. CALIFORNICA. 
