SAPINDACE. 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 59 
AESCULUS OCTANDRA. 
Sweet Buckeye. 
Peras 4, longer than the stamens, the 2 upper narrower and longer than the 
others. 
4ésculus octandra, Marshall, Arbust. Am. 4. — Sargent, 
Garden and Forest, ii. 364. 
4H. lutea, Wangenheim, Schrift. Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, viii. 
133, t. 6.— Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 219.— Persoon, 
Syn. i. 403. — Koch, Dendr. i. 509. 
4H. flava, Aiton, Hort. Kew. i. 494. — Schmidt, Oestr. Bawm. 
Fruit smooth. Leaves 5 to 7-foliolate. 
Preuss. Staat. 1855. — Chapman, F7. 80. — Curtis, Rep. 
Geolog. Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 48. — Sargent, Forest 
Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 43. — Watson & Coul- 
ter, Gray’s Mun. ed. 6, 163. 
Pavia flava, Moench, Meth. 66. — De Candolle, Prodr. 1. 
598. — Don, Gen. Syst. i. 653. — Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. 
i. 41, t. 40.—B. S. Barton, Coll. i. 13; Elem. Bot. t. 
15, f. 2. — Willdenow, Sypec. ii. 286; Enum. 405; Berl. 
Baumz. 16.— Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i. 385. — Pursh, 
Fl. Am. Sept. i. 255. — Nuttall, Gen. i. 242. — Guimpel, 
Otto & Hayne, Abbild. Holz. 27, t. 23. — Hayne, Dendr. 
Fil. 44. — Elliott, Sk. i. 486. — Watson, Dendr. Brit. ii. 
163, t. 163. — Loddiges, Bot. Cab. t. 1280. — Torrey & 
Gray, Fl. N. Am. i. 252. — Dietrich, Syn. ii. 1225. — 
Walpers, ep. i. 424. — Schnizlein, Icon. t. 230**, f. 
3.— Koch, Verhandl. Ver. Befird. Gart. in den Kinig. 
ser. 2, ii. 55; Hist. Veg. iii. 25. — Loudon, Arb. Brit. i. 
471, t. — Rafinesque, Alsogruph. Am. 73. 
Pavia lutea, Poiret, Zam. Dict. v.94.— Nouveau Duhamel, 
ili. 155, t. 38. — Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii. 237, t. 11. 
Paviana flava, Rafinesque, FV. Ludovic. 87. 
4H. neglecta, Lindley, Bot. Reg. xii. t. 1009. 
Pavia neglecta, Don; Loudon, Hort. Brit. i. 143; Gen. 
Syst. 1. 653. — Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, ii. 55; Hist. 
Veg. iii. 24. — Loudon, Arb. Brit. i. 472. 
Pavia fulva, P. bicolor, Rafinesque, Alsograph. Am. 74. 
A tree, rising sometimes to the height of ninety feet, with a tall straight trunk two and a half or 
three feet in diameter and small rather pendulous branches; or towards the southern and southwestern 
limits of its range reduced to a low shrub. The bark of the trunk is three quarters of an inch thick, 
dark brown, and divided by shallow fissures, the surface separating ito small thin scales. The 
winter-buds are two thirds of an inch to an inch in length and rather obtuse, with broadly ovate pale 
brown scales, rounded on the back, minutely apiculate, ciliate on the margins, destitute of resin, and 
covered with a slight glaucous bloom. The inner scales sometimes grow to a length of two inches, and 
are bright yellow or occasionally scarlet. The branchlets are glabrous or nearly so and orange-brown 
when they first appear, and in their second year are pale brown and marked by numerous irregularly 
developed lenticular spots. The leaves, which are composed of five to seven leaflets, are borne on slen- 
der glabrous or slightly pubescent petioles four to six mches in length; the leaflets are elliptical or 
obovate-oblong, acuminate at the apex and gradually contracted at the base, and are sharply and equally 
serrate, four to six inches long and one and a half to two and a half inches broad; they are short-petio- 
lulate, glabrous above with the exception of the midribs and veins, which are sometimes clothed with a 
reddish brown pubescence, and more or less canescent-pubescent on the lower surface, which becomes 
glabrous at maturity with the exception of a few hairs along the midribs and in the axils of the principal 
veins. The flowers 
open when the leaves are about half grown, or from March, in the extreme southwest, to the middle of 
They are dark yellow-green and paler on the lower than on the upper surface. 
June at high elevations on the Alleghany Mountains. They are an inch to an inch and a half long, 
pale or dark yellow, with short pedicels, and are mostly unilateral on the branches of the pubescent 
inflorescence which is from five to seven inches in length. The petals are connivent, very unequal, 
puberulent, the claws villous within ; the spatulate limb of the superior pair is minute, the lone claw 
exceeding the lobes of the calyx, while that of the lateral pair is large, obovate or nearly round, and 
The stamens, with straight or inclining subulate villous filaments, are usually 
The fruit is two to three 
subeordate at the base. 
seven in number and rather shorter than the petals. The ovary is pubescent. 
