SAPINDACEZ. 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 13 
EXOTHEA. 
FLowERS regular, polygamo-dicecious; sepals 5, imbricated in estivation ; petals 5, 
imbricated in estivation; ovary 2-celled; ovules 2 in each cell, suspended. Fruit 
baccate, by abortion 1-seeded. 
Hixothea, Macfadyen, Fl. Jam. 232.— Endlicher, Gen. 
1134. — Meisner, Gen. 349. 
Melicocca, A. L. de Jussieu, Mém. Mus. iii. 178 (in part). 
A tree, with thin scaly bark and terete branchlets covered with lenticels. 
Hypelate, Cambessedes, Mém. Mus. xviii. 31 (in part). — 
Bentham & Hooker, Gen. i. 408 (in part). — Baillon, 
Hist. Pl. v. 408 (in part). 
Leaves alternate, petio- 
late, abruptly pinnate, or three or rarely one-foliolate, glabrous, persistent, destitute of stipules; leaflets 
oblong or oblong-ovate, acute, rounded, or emarginate at the apex, with entire undulate margins, 
obscurely veined, membranaceous, dark green and lustrous on the upper, and slightly paler on the lower 
surface. Flowers small, in ample terminal or axillary wide-branched panicles, the peduncle and branches 
clothed with orange-colored pubescence. Pedicels short from the axils of minute deciduous bracts, and 
covered, like the flower-buds, with thick pale tomentum. Sepals ovate, rounded at the apex, ciliate on 
the margins, puberulous, persistent. Petals white, ovate, rounded at the apex, shortly unguiculate, 
alternate with and rather longer and narrower than the sepals. 
lobed, puberulous. 
Disk annular, fleshy, irregularly five- 
Stamens seven or eight, inserted on the disk, in the sterile flower as long as the 
petals, much shorter in the fertile flower ; filaments filiform, glabrous; anthers oblong, introrse, attached 
at the base, two-celled with a broad connective, the cells opening longitudinally ; rudimentary in the 
staminate flower. Ovary sessile on the disk, conical, pubescent, contracted into a short thick style; 
rudimentary in the sterile flower; stigma large, declinate, obtuse; ovules two in each cell, suspended 
from the summit of the inner angle, anatropous, collateral; raphe ventral; micropyle superior. Fruit a 
nearly spherical one-seeded berry, containing the rudiment of the second cell, and tipped with the 
short remnant of the style, the base surrounded by the persistent reflexed sepals; pericarp thick, dark 
Seed oblong, solitary, suspended, destitute of albumen; testa thin, 
coriaceous, orange-brown, and lustrous; embryo subglobose, filling the cavity of the seed; cotyledons 
fleshy, plano-convex, puberulous; radicle superior, very short, uncinate, turned towards the hilum and 
purple, and juicy at maturity. 
inclosed in a lateral cavity of the testa. 
The wood of Exothea is very hard and heavy, strong and close-grained, and capable of receiving a 
beautiful polish, although liable to check badly in drying. It is bright red-brown, with lighter colored 
sapwood composed of ten or twelve layers of annual growth and obscure medullary rays. The specific 
gravity of the absolutely dry wood is 0.9533, a cubic foot weighing 59.41 pounds. It resists the 
attacks of the Teredo and is therefore valuable for piles; it is also used in Florida in boat-building, for 
the handles of tools, and for many small objects. 
The generic name, derived from é6éw, to expel, was bestowed upon it by Macfadyen’ when he 
1 James Macfadyen (1800-1850) was born in Glasgow where 
he studied botany under Sir William Hooker and was graduated 
from the School of Medicine in 1821. 
recommendation of Hooker to organize a government Botanical 
He was selected on the 
Garden in Jamaica. This he did, but the garden languished, and 
Macfadyen soon retired from its direction and established himself 
on the island asa physician. He did not, however, abandon the 
study of botany, and in 1837 published the first volume of his Flora 
of Jamaica (Ranunculacee to Leguminose), a work which con- 
tains, as far as completed, the best account of the plants, and espe- 
cially of the trees, of the island, which has been published. A 
second volume was written and printed in Kingston but never pub- 
lished, the author’s career being suddenly ended by cholera which 
he contracted while zealously devoting himself to his professional 
duties. Macfadyena, a large genus of tropical American Bignoni- 
acee, was dedicated to him by A. de Candolle. (See Proc. Linn. 
Soc. ii. 135.) 
