LEGUMINOSZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 15 
GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS. 
Honey Locust. Three Thorned Acacia. 
Lrcume linear-oblong, elongated, many-seeded, pulpy, indehiscent. Leaflets lance- 
olate-oblong. 
Gleditsia triacanthos, Linnzus, Spec. 1056. — Miller, Dict. & Schultes, Syst. vii. 73.— Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 428. — 
ed. 8, No. 1. — Du Roi, Harbk. Baum. i. 294. — Medicus, Spach, Hist. Vég. i. 92.— Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 
Bot. Beob. 1782, 230.—Wangenheim, Nordam. Holz. 81.— i. 398. — Dietrich, Syn. v. 539. — Chapman, Fv. 115. — 
Castiglioni, Viag. negli Stati Uniti, ii. 249. — Lamarck, Curtis, Rep. Geolog. Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 49. — Koch, 
Dict. ii. 465 ; Il. iii. 446, t. 857, £.1.— Moench, Meth. Dendr. i. 8. — Brunet, Cat. Vég. Lig. Can. 20. — Sar- 
69. — Abbot, Insects of Georgia, ii. t. 85.— Michaux, gent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 59.— 
Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 257.— Schkuhr, Handb. iv. 346, t. Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, xxxi. 37 
356. — Persoon, Syn. ii. 623. — Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. (Meél. Biol. xii. 451).— Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. 
ii. 246. — Willdenow, Spec. iv. 1097; Hnum. 1058; Berl. ed. 6, 149.—Coulter, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. ii. 95 
Baumz. 163. — Nouveau Duhamel, iv. 100, t. 25.— (Man. Pl. W. Texas). 
Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii. 164, t.10.— Pursh, F7. G. spinosa, Marshall, Arbust. Am. 54. 
Am. Sept. i. 221. — Nuttall, Gen. ii. 239. — James, Long’s G. Meliloba, Walter, Fl. Car. 254. 
Exped. i. 138. — Hayne, Dendr. Fl. 218. — Elliott, Sk. G. ferox, Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 247. — Sprengel, Syst. 
ii. 709. — Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, Abbild. Holz. 157, t. iii. 919. — Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 428.— Spach, Hist. Vég. 
132. — De Candolle, Prodr. ii. 479. — Watson, Dendr. i. 94. — Dietrich, Syn. v. 539. 
Brit. ii. 138, t. 138. — Sprengel, Syst. iii. 918. — Torrey, G. elegans, Salisbury, Prodr. 323. 
Fl. N. Y. i. 192. — Audubon, Birds, t. 42, 146,150.— G. heterophylla, Rafinesque, 7. Ludovic. 99. 
Jaume St. Hilaire, Traité des Arbres, t. 31.— Roemer Melilobus heterophylla, Rafinesque, Sylva Tedlur. 121. 
A tree, seventy-five to one hundred and forty feet in height, with a trunk two or three or occa- 
sionally five or six feet in diameter, and slender spreading somewhat pendulous branches which form a 
broad and often rather flat top. The bark of the trunk is from half to three quarters of an inch thick 
and is separated by deep fissures into long narrow longitudinal ridges, the surface of which is roughened 
by small persistent scales. The buds are minute, three or four together, and superposed, the two or 
three lower being without scales and covered by the embossed scar left by the falling of the petiole, 
while the upper one is larger, nearly surrounded by the petiole and covered with minute scurfy scales ; ? 
the spine-bud is minute, at some distance above the axil of the leaf, and embedded in the bark. The 
branchlets, which at first are light reddish brown, and slightly puberulous, are somewhat zigzag by the 
enlargement of the swollen nodes, and are thickened at the apex ; they consist of a thin core of light 
yellow pith surrounded by a thick layer of pale straw-colored wood covered with lustrous reddish bark 
tinged with green and marked with minute lenticular spots; in their second year they are grayish 
brown. The spines, which are undeveloped branches, are three or four inches long, simple or three- 
forked,’ terete, very sharp and rigid, long-pointed, thickened at the base, red at first and bright 
chestnut-brown when fully grown; they are produced on some individuals from above the axils of all 
the leaves, and sometimes in large numbers on the trunk and main branches, but are wanting or nearly 
wanting on others.’ The leaves are from seven to eight inches in length, long-petiolate with petioles 
1 Macaire, Bibl. de Gen. xvii. 142.— Gray, Structural Botany, G. inermis, Moench, Meth. 69. 
56, f. 96. Individuals which have grown under conditions where they have 
2 Baillon, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, v. 316. been fully exposed to the light most frequently develop spines, 
8 G. triacanthos, var. inermis, Willdenow, Berl. Baumz. 163.— while those which have grown in the forest in the shade of other 
Pursh, Fi. Am. Sept. i. 221.—De Candolle, Mcm. Légum. t. 22, trees are often unarmed — a rule, however, which does not always 
f. 109; Prodr. ii. 479. — Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 428. Torrey & Gray, hold good. 
Fl. N. Am. i. 398. — Loudon, Arb. Brit. ii. 650, t. 92, 93. — Sar- 
gent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U.S. ix. 59. 
