HAMAMELIDE. 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 3 
HAMAMELIS VIRGINIANA. 
Witch Hazel. 
FLOWERS autumnal. 
Hamamelis Virginiana, Linneus, Spec. ed. 2, 180 
(1762). — Miller, Dict. ed. 8.— Moench, Baume Weiss. 
48. — Marshall, Arbust. Am. 58.— Du Roi, Harbk. 
Baumz. i. 297. —Castiglioni, Viag. negli Stati Uniti, ui. 
258. — Wangenheim, Nordam. Holz. 87, t. 29, f. 62.— 
Lamarck, Dict. iii. 68; I7. i. 350, t. 88.— Willdenow, 
Berl. Baumz. 139; Spec. i. 701. — Schkuhr, Handb. i. 
88, t. 27. — Michaux, FU. Bor.-Am. i. 100. — Borkhausen, 
Handb. Forstbot. ii. 1568. — Persoon, Syn. i. 150. — Du 
Mont de Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, v. 153. — Desfontaines, 
Hist. Arb. ii. 29.— Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. 116. — Bige- 
low, Fl. Boston. 40. — Nuttall, Gen. i. 107. — Nouveau 
Duhamel, vii. 207, t. 60. — Elliott, Sk. i. 219. — Roemer 
& Schultes, Syst. iii. 483. — Loddiges, Bot. Cab. vi. t. 598. 
— Barton, Fl. N. Am. iii. 21, t. 78. — Torrey, Fl. N. Y.i. 
260. — Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, Abdid. Holz. 95, t. 75. — 
Sprengel, Syst. i. 491.— Rafinesque, Med. Fl. i. 227, f. 
45. — De Candolle, Prodr. iv. 268. — Hooker, Fl. Bor.- 
Am. i. 275.— Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 396. — Spach, Hist. 
Vég. viii. 79. — Dietrich, Syn. i. 550.— Torrey & Gray, 
Fu. N. Am. i. 597. — Darlington, Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 98. — 
Agardh, Theor. Syst. Pl. t. 13, £. 7.—Schnizlein, Icon. 
t. 167, £. 18-25, 27-29. — Chapman, £7. 157. — Curtis, 
Rep. Geolog. Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 105. — Koch, 
Dendr. ii. 458. — Baillon, Hist. Pl. iii. 389, f. 462- 
Leaves obovate or oval, usually acute at the apex. 
464; Dict. Bot. iii. 10.— Emerson, Trees Mass. ed. 2, 
ii. 472, t. — Le Maout & Decaisne, Traité Gén. Bot. 
271, £.— Lauche, Deutsche Dendr. ed. 2, 545, £. 220. — 
Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 85. — 
Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 6, 179.— Engler & 
Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. pt. ii. 128, f. 
Hamamelis dioica, Walter, Fl. Car. 255 (1788). — Gmelin, 
Syst. ii. 282. 
Hamamelis androgyna, Walter, Fl. Car. 255 (1788). — 
Gmelin, Syst. ii. 281. — Selt. Am. Gewiich. 18, t. 25. 
Hamamelis corylifolia, Moench, Meth. 273 (1794). 
Hamamelis macrophylla, Pursh, 77. Am. Sept. i. 116 
(1814). — Poiret, Zam. Dict. Suppl. v. 698. — Elliott, Sk. 
i. 220. — Roemer & Schultes, Syst. iii. 483. — Rafinesque, 
Med. Fi. i. 230. — Don, Gren. Syst. iii. 396. 
Hamamelis Virginiana, var. parvifolia, Nuttall, Gen. i. 
107 (1818). — Torrey, #7. U. S. 193. — Don, Gen. Syst. 
iii. 396. — Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. i. 597. 
Hamamelis parvifolia, Rafinesque, Med. Fl. i. 230 (1828). 
Trilopus Virginica, Rafinesque, New Fl. iii. 15 (1836). 
Trilopus nigra, Rafinesque, New 7. iii. 16 (1836). 
Trilopus rotundifolia, Rafinesque, New F7. iii. 16 (1836). 
Trilopus estivalis, Rafinesque, New 7. iii. 16 (1836). 
Trilopus dentata, Rafinesque, New Fl. iii. 17 (1836). 
Trilopus parvifolia, Rafinesque, New 7. iii. 17 (1836). 
A tree, occasionally twenty-five to thirty feet in height, with a short trunk twelve or fourteen 
inches in diameter, and spreading branches forming a broad open head; or usually a stout shrub 
sending up from the ground numerous rigid diverging stems from five to twenty feet tall. The bark 
of the trunk is an eighth of an inch thick, light brown, generally smooth, and covered with minute 
thin appressed scales which disclose in falling the dark reddish purple inner bark. The branchlets, 
which are alternate and lateral, are placed on the branches at an acute angle; they are thin and 
flexible, and vary greatly in length, the longest being usually near the end of the branches; at first 
they are coated with scurfy rusty stellate scales which gradually disappear durmg the summer; in 
their first winter they are glabrous or slightly puberulous, light orange-brown, and marked with occa- 
sional small white dots; and in their second year they become dark or reddish brown. The winter-buds 
are acute, slightly falcate, light orange-brown, and covered with short fine pubescence. The leaves are 
obovate, acuminate, long-pointed or sometimes rounded at the apex, and are very unequal at the base, 
the lower side being rounded or subcordate and larger than the upper, which is usually wedge-shaped ; 
they are irregularly and coarsely serrate-toothed above the middle, and entire or dentate below, four 
to six inches long, two to two and a half inches broad, with stout midribs and six or seven pairs of 
primary veins terminating in the principal teeth, and are borne on stout petioles which vary from half 
an inch to nearly an inch in length ; when they unfold, the veins, especially on the lower surface, and 
