4] 
MYRTACES. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 
Eugenia Jambos,' the Rose Apple, a native of southeastern Asia and the Indian Archipelago, and 
cultivated in all tropical countries as a shade and ornamental tree and for its delicately fragrant and 
rather dry fruit, and Hugenia Jambolana? a common Indian timber-tree. Eugenia uniflora,’ the 
Surinam Cherry, a shrubby species originally from Brazil, with handsome flowers and aromatic fruit of 
a pleasant flavor, is often cultivated and has become naturalized in the tropics of the two worlds.’ In 
tropical South America a number of species are esteemed as fruit-trees,® although the fruit of all the 
Kugenias is dry and inferior in flavor and quality to that of many other tropical trees. 
The generic name*® commemorates the interest in botany and gardening taken by Prince Eugene of 
Savoy, the famous Austrian general, who, after the peace of Carlowitz in 1699, devoted his leisure for 
several years to building the Belvedere Palace near Vienna and laying out its gardens, in which he made 
a collection of rare plants. 
The essential oil relieves toothache and 
Clove-stalks, the 
peduncles of the inflorescence, are imported from Zanzibar and 
numerous preparations. 
forms an ingredient in various kinds of pills. 
used in the manufacture of mixed spices and in the adulteration of 
ground cloves ; and the fruit of the Clove-tree, the mother-cloves 
The oil of cloves, 
which is obtained by distillation, is largely used in perfumery 
(Crawfurd, Dictionary of the Indian Islands, article Cloves. — Fliick- 
iger & Hanbury, Pharmacographia, 249.— Guibourt, Hist. Drog. 
ed. 7, iii. 271, f. 661. — Spons, Encyclopedia of the Industrial Arts, 
Manufactures, and Raw Commercial Products, ii. 1420, 1808. — 
Nichols, Tropical Agriculture, 184). 
1 Linneus, Spec. 470 (1753). — Brandis, Forest Fl. Brit. Ind. 
233. — Kurz, Forest Fl. Brit. Burm. i. 495.— Hooker f. Fl. Brit. 
Ind. ii. 474. — Forbes & Hemsley, Jour. Linn. Soc. xxiii. 297. 
Jambosa vulgaris, De Candolle, Prodr. iii. 286 (1828). — Wight 
& Walker-Arnott, Prodr. Fl. Ind. i. 332.— Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 
120. — Bot. Mag. 1xi. t. 3356. — Berg, Linnea, xxvii. 342. 
Myrtus Jambos, Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. et 
Spec. vi. 144 (1823). — Kunth, Syn. Pl. Aiquin. iii. 418. — 
Sprengel, Syst. ii. 485. — Blume, Bidr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1085. 
2 Lamarck, Dict. iii. 198 (1789).— Wight, Icon. t. 535. — Ben- 
tham, Fl. Austral. iii. 283.— Beddome, Fl. Sylv. S. Ind. i. 197, t. 
197. — Brandis, J. c. 233, t. 30.— Kurz, Forest Fl. Brit. Burm. i. 
485. — Hooker f. /. c. 499. 
Calyptranthes Jambolana, Willdenow, Spec. ii. pt. ii. 975 (1799). 
Syzygium Jambolanum, De Candolle, 1. v. 259 (1828). — Wight 
& Walker-Arnott, J. c. 329. — Berg, /. c. 339. 
Eugenia Moore, F. Mueller, Fragm. Phyt. Austral. v. 33 (1866). 
Eugenia Jambolana, the Black Plum-tree, is common in the fer- 
tile plains of India, ascending on the Himalayas to an elevation of 
four thousand or rarely five thousand feet ; and in the Indian Ar- 
of commerce, is used for the same purposes. 
chipelago, Queensland, and New South Wales it is naturalized or 
indigenous. It is a tall tree, often attaining the height of eighty or 
ninety feet, with a stout straight trunk, and in India and other trop- 
ical countries is often planted as a shade tree, for which purpose its 
wide-spreading branches, drooping branchlets, and crown of dense 
dark foliage make it valuable. It produces tough hard heavy 
dark-colored wood, which is used in India in building and in the 
manufacture of horticultural implements. The fruit, which resem- 
bles a small plum, is eaten by the natives of India and by birds, 
and yields a sort of vinegar. The bark is astringent and dyes 
brown (Balfour, Cyclopedia of India, ed. 3, i. 1059). 
3 Linneus, l. c. 470 (1753). — Willdenow, /. c. 962. 
Myrtus Brasiliana, Linneus, 1. v. 471 (1753). — Sprengel, l. c. 
480. 
Plinia rubra, Linneus, Mant. 243 (1771). — Vellozo, Fl. Flum. 
v. t. 46. 
Plinia pedunculata, Linneus f. Syst. ed. 13, Suppl. 253 (1781). — 
Bot. Mag. xiv. t. 473. 
Eugenia Micheli, Lamarck, 1. c. 203 (1789). — De Candolle, 
I. c. 263. 
Myrtus Willdenowii, Sprengel, 1. c. (1825). 
Eugenia Zeylanica, Willdenow, l. c. 963 (1799). 
Eugenia? Willdenowii, De Candolle, J. v. 265 (1828). 
Eugenia Parkeriana, De Candolle, J. c. 271 (1828). 
Stenocalyx Michelii, Berg, Martius Fl. Brasil. xiv. pt. i. 337 
(1855) ; Linnea, xxvii. 310. 
4 Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 440.—Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 
239. — Hooker f. 1. c. 505. — Lefroy, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 25, 
74 (Bot. Bermuda). 
5 Berg, Martius Fl. Brasil. xiv. pt. i. 627. 
& Micheli, Nov. Pl. Gen. 227. 
