68 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. CORNACES, 
of its foliage and the brilliancy of its fruit." No tree is more desirable in the garden or park® im regions 
where the summer’s sun is sufficiently hot to insure the production of its flowers through the perfect 
development of the branchlets.’ A variety with pendulous branches, discovered a few years ago in the 
forests of Maryland, and one with bright red involucral scales are now often cultivated. 
The first published account of Cornus florida appeared in the Phytographia of Plukenet in 
1691 ;‘ his information was probably derived from John Banister, the English missionary in Virginia, 
although there is no mention of the Flowering Dogwood in Banister’s printed catalogue of Virginia 
plants. According to Loudon,’ it was cultivated in England in 1730 by Thomas Fairchild, and a few 
years later by Philip Miller in the Physic Garden at Chelsea.’ 
Cornus florida is easily raised from seeds,* which germinate in the second year ; it requires moder- 
ately rich well-drained soil, and under favorable conditions begins to flower when ten or twelve years 
old. 
1 Kalm, Travels, English ed. i. 160; ii. 163.— W. Bartram, 
Travels, 401. 
2 Garden and Forest, iti. 431, f. 54. 
8 In Great Britain and other countries of northern and central 
Europe Cornus florida rarely produces flowers (Loudon, Ard. Brit. 
ii. 1017. — The Garden, xxxiii. 441 ; xliii. 150). 
4 Cornus Virginiana, flosculis plurimis albidis ex involucro tetra- 
petalo rubro erumpentibus, t. 26, £.3 ; Alm. Bot. 120.— Catesby, Nat. 
Hist. Car, i. 27, t. 27. 
Cornus involucro maximo, foliolis obverse cordatis, Linneus, Hort. 
Cliff. 38 ; Hort. Ups. 29. — Royen, Fl. Leyd. Prodr. 249. — Clay- 
ton, Fl. Virgin. 17. — Colden, Act. Hort. Ups. 1743, 89 (Pl. Nove- 
bor.). — Miller, Dict. ed. 7, No. 3. — Duhamel, Traité des Arbres, 
i, 182. 
5 Loudon, J. c. 
6 Thomas Fairchild (1667 ?-1729), a nurseryman and florist at 
Hoxton near London, who united a love of science with the success- 
ful practice of his art. In 1722 he published The City Gardener, 
containing the most experienced method of cultivating and ordering such 
evergreens, fruit-trees, flowering shrubs, flowers, exotick plants, etc., as 
will be ornamental, and thrive best in the London Gardens , and in 
1724, in the Philosophical Transactions (xxxiii. 127-132), An Ac- 
count of some new Experiments relating to the different and sometimes 
contrary Motion of the Sap of Plants and Trees. He was a corre- 
spondent of Linnzus, and by his will left to the Trustees of the 
Charity School of Shoreditch, where he died, £25, the income of 
which was to be used for an annual sermon to be preached on 
Whitsun Tuesday (Felton, Portraits of English Authors on Garden- 
ing, ed. 2, 60.— The Cottage Gardener, vi. 143). 
7 Aiton, Hort. Kew. i. 157. 
8 The great abundance of this tree in those parts of the country 
where the climate is not too severe for it may be explained by the 
fact that the fruit is a favorite food of many birds, who scatter 
the seeds without injuring their vitality. 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 
Piate CCXII. Cornus FLORIDA. 
BP WO dD 
Pruate CCXIII. 
A seed, enlarged. 
DART WHR 
. A flower, enlarged. 
A nutlet, enlarged. 
. A flowering branch, natural size. 
. Vertical section of a flower, enlarged. 
. An ovary cut crosswise, enlarged. 
CoRNUS FLORIDA. 
. A fruiting branch, natural size. 
- Vertical section of a fruit, enlarged. 
. A fruit cut crosswise, enlarged. 
- Vertical section of a seed, enlarged. 
. An embryo, much magnified. 
. A winter branchlet with flower-buds, natural size. 
