150 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. ERICACES. 
Mexico! and the West Indies,? and to the Himalayas,’ the Malay Peninsula, China,’ and Japan,’ although 
one species ° is found in all temperate and sub-Arctic regions of the northern hemisphere. Andromeda 
was once more generally distributed over the surface of the earth, the traces of a number of species 
being found in the cretaceous and tertiary remains of northwestern and central North America,’ where 
the genus is now represented by a single species, and in the tertiary remains of southern Europe.’ All 
the sections of the genus are represented in the flora of eastern North America, where eight species 
occur ;° 
one of these is a small tree. 
Andromeda has few useful properties. The leaves and buds of Andromeda ovalifolia,” a small 
tree of the Himalayas, Burmah, China, and Japan, are poisonous to goats in India; an infusion of the 
leaves is employed externally in the treatment of cutaneous diseases, and the young leaves are used to 
destroy insects." In North America leaves of the Stagger Bush, Andromeda Mariana,” are popularly 
supposed to poison lambs and calves. Most of the species of Andromeda produce handsome foliage 
and beautiful flowers often arranged in ample clusters, and their value as garden plants is recognized in 
all temperate regions. In North America Andromeda is not seriously injured by insects or by fungal 
diseases. 
The generic name was adopted by Linnzus in fanciful allusion to the fable of Andromeda.” 
ZENoBIA. Calyx small, 5-parted, corolla open-campanulate, ob- 
tusely 5-lobed ; filaments naked, dilated at the base ; anthers lan- 
ceolate, each cell surmounted by two ascending awn-like appendages; 
placentas attached to the middle of the short axis. Capsule de- 
pressed-globose, obtusely 5-lobed. Leaves deciduous, often covered 
with a dense glaucous bloom. A single species of the coast region 
of the south Atlantic states. 
PorRTUNA. 
5-toothed ; filaments without appendages ; anthers oblong, each 
Calyx deeply 5-parted ; corolla ovate-urceolate, 
cell with a reflexed awn-like appendage on the back ; placentas 
Seed mostly 
scobiform. Leaves coriaceous, persistent. Eastern North America, 
attached near the apex of the axis. Capsule globose. 
Himalayas, China, and Japan. 
Pieris. Calyx divided nearly to the base into five sometimes 
herbaceous sepals ; corolla ovate-urceolate to cylindrical, 5-toothed; 
filaments mostly pubescent or ciliate, generally furnished near the 
apex with two spreading recurved awn-like appendages ; anthers 
oblong ; placentas usually borne above the middle of the axis. 
Capsule 5-angled and ridged on the dorsal sutures. Seeds sco- 
biform or oblong. Leaves deciduous. Eastern North America, 
Mexico, Himalayas, China, and Japan. 
LyYonla. 
late, pubescent or glandular; filaments flat and, like the short 
Calyx 5 or rarely 4-lobed ; corolla globular to urceo- 
anthers, without appendages ; placentas at the apex of the axis. 
Capsule 5-angled and ridged on the dorsal sutures, the ridges 
separable in dehiscence. Seeds pendulous, scobiform. Leaves 
persistent or deciduous. Eastern North America, West Indies, 
and Mexico. 
1 Hemsley, Bot. Biol. Am. Cent. ii. 281. 
2 Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 142 (Lyonia); Cat. Pl. Cub. 50. 
8 Hooker f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 460 (Pieris). 
4 Forbes & Hemsley, Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 16 (Pieris). 
5 Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. i. 284. 
6 Andromeda polifolia, Linneus, Spec. 393 (1753). — Fl. Dan. i. 
t. 54.— Nouveau Duhamel, i. 183, t. 38.— Hayne, Arzn. iii. 22. t. 
22.— Guimpel, Willdenow & Hayne, Abbild. Deutsche Holz. i. 72, 
t. 55. — De Candolle, Prodr. vii. 606. — Franchet & Savatier, J. c. — 
Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Am. ii. 31.— Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. 
ed. 6, 316. 
Andromeda rosmarinifolia, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. 291 (1814). 
Andromeda glaucophylla, Link, Enum. i. 394 (1821). 
7 Heer, Phyll. Cret. du Neb. 18, t. 1, f. 5. — Lesquereux, U. S. 
Geolog. Rep. vi. 88, t. 23, f.6, 7; t. 28, f.15; Rep. U. S. Geolog. 
Surv. viii. 60, t. 2, f. 5; 175, t. 34, f. 10, 11 (Contrib. Foss. Fi. 
Western Territories). 
8 Zittel, Handb. Paleontolog. ii. 722, f. 376, 377. 
® Gray, l. c. 30. 
10 Wallich, Asiat. Res. xiii. 391, f. (1820). — Wight, Icon. Pl. 
Ind. Orient. t. 1199. — Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, 
xviii. 50 (Mél. Biol. viii. 620). — Franchet & Savatier, l. c. 285. 
Pieris ovalifolia, D. Don, Edinburgh New Phil. Jour. xvii. 159 
(1834). — Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 832. — De Candolle, J. c.— Kurz, 
Forest Fl. Brit. Burm. ii. 92.— Hooker f. 1. c. 460.— Forbes & 
Hemsley, J. c. 17. 
Andromeda elliptica, Siebold & Zuccarini, Abhand. Akad. Miinch. 
iv. pt. ili. 126 (1846). 
11 Brandis, Forest Fl. Brit. Ind. 280. 
12 Linneus, /. c. (1753). — Michaux, FY. Bor.-Am. i. 256.— Bot. 
Mag. xxxviii. t. 1579. — Nouveau Duhamel, i. 177, t. 37. — Guimpel, 
Otto & Hayne, Abdild. Holz. 138, t. 113. — Gray, 1. c. 32. — Watson 
& Coulter, 7. c. 
Andromeda pulchella, Salisbury, Prodr. 289 (1796). 
Lyonia Mariana, D. Don, 1. c. (1834). — Don, I. c. 
Leucothoe Mariana, De Candolle, Prodr. vii. 602 (1839). 
18 Among the fungi found on the American species of Andromeda 
the most conspicuous is the remarkable Exobasidium Andromeda, 
Peck, which appears in the form of irregular bag-like bodies, 
often several inches in length, hanging in early summer from the 
branches of Andromeda ligustrina, Elliott. 
M4 Linneus, Fl. Lapp. 126. 
