SAPOTACER, SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 163 
SIDEROXYLUM. 
FLowers perfect; calyx 5 or rarely 6-parted, the divisions imbricated in estiva- 
tion, persistent ; corolla gamopetalous, furnished with 5 or 6 staminodia, 5 or rarely 
6-lobed, the lobes imbricated in estivation ; stamens 5 or 6; disk 0; ovary superior, 5 
or rarely 2 to 4-celled; ovules solitary in each cell. Fruit a dry or fleshy usually 
I-seeded berry. Leaves alternate, coriaceous or submembranaceous, persistent, destitute 
of stipules, or rarely stipulate. 
Sideroxylum, Linnzus, Gen. 58 (1737).— Adanson, Fam. 143. — Baillon, Hist. Pl. xi. 277 (excl. Argania and Cal- 
Pl. ii. 171. — A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 151. — Meisner, varia). 
Gen. 251.— Endlicher, Gen. 739. — Bentham & Hooker, Robertia, Scopoli, Introduct. 154 (1777). 
Gen. ii. 655.— Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. pt. i. Spiniluma, Baillon, Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, 943 (1891). 
Glabrous or pubescent trees or shrubs, with naked buds. Leaves alternate, petiolate, penniveined, 
the veins remote, connected by reticulate veinlets, rarely approximate and obscure, or nitidous and 
nearly veinless, without stipules, or stipulate in some African species.’ Flowers usually minute, sessile 
or pedicellate in crowded many-flowered axillary fascicles often from leafless nodes. Pedicels ebracteo- 
late, produced from the axils of minute deciduous bracts. Calyx funnel-shaped or rotate, the divisions 
orbicular or ovate, obtuse or rarely acute, nearly equal, not distinctly two-ranked. Corolla hypogynous, 
broadly campanulate or subtubular, white or greenish white, the lobes obtuse or acute, longer than the 
tube. Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and inserted opposite them in the throat of the tube ; 
filaments short, or elongated and bent outward at the apex; anthers ovate or lanceolate, attached on 
the back, two-celled, the cells opening longitudinally, at first extrorse, sometimes becoming sublateral. 
Staminodia linear, scale-like or petaloid, entire or dentate, inserted under the sinuses of the corolla, or 
in the same rank and alternately with the stamens. Ovary five or rarely two to four-celled, glabrous 
or villose, contracted into a subulate short or elongated simple style tipped with a minute slightly five- 
lobed stigma ; ovules solitary, attached to an axile placenta projected from the inner angle of the cell, 
ascending, anatropous ; raphe dorsal; micropyle inferior. Fruit ovoid or globose, small, with a thin 
coriaceous pericarp, or large, globose, with thick pulpy fruit, usually one or sometimes two to five- 
seeded. Seed obovate or oblong; testa lustrous, light brown, thick and bony, and folded on the inner 
face into two obscure lobes rounded at the apex; hilum elevated, subbasilar or lateral, oblong or linear. 
Embryo erect in thick fleshy albumen ; radicle terete, short or elongated, turned towards the hilum, 
much shorter than the oblong fleshy cotyledons. 
Sideroxylum, with about sixty species, is widely distributed through the tropics of the two hemi- 
spheres ;? it occurs also in Australia, one species reaches the shores and islands of southern Florida, 
and the floras of Madeira,‘ southern Africa,® New Zealand,’ and Norfolk Island each include a single 
species. 
1 Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 501. 4 Siderozylum Mermulana, Lowe, Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc. iv. 22 
2 A. de Candolle, Prodr. viii. 117.— Walpers, Rep. vi. 455.— (1831) ; Man. Fl. Mad. ii. 18.— A. de Candolle, 1. c. 181. 
Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. ii. 1036 ; Suppl. 580; Martius Fl. Brasil. 5 Sideroxylum inerme, Linneus, Spec. 192 (1753). — Jacquin, Coll. 
vii. 48. — Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 209. — Oliver, 1. c. —Grisebach, Fl. ii. 250. — Willdenow, Spec. i. pt. ii. 1089. — Lamarck, Jil. ii. 41, t. 
Brit. W. Ind. 399. — Baker, Fl. Maur.and Seych. 192.— Hemsley, 120, f. 1. — A. de Candolle, J. c. 182. — Pappe, Sylva Capensis, 22. 
Bot. Biol. Am. Cent. ii. 296. — Hooker f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 536. — 6 Sideroxylum costatum, F. Mueller, Cens. Austral. Pl. pt. 1. 92 
Hillebrand, Fl. Haw. Is. 276. — Forbes & Hemsley, Jour. Linn. Soc. (1882). — Kirk, Forest Fl. New Zealand, 277, t. 133. 
xxvi. 68. Achras costata, Endlicher, Prodr. Fl. Norf. 49 (1833) ; Icon. 
8 Bentham, Fl. Austral. iv. 280 (Achras). Gen. Pl. t. 83. 
Sapota costata, A. de Candolle, /. c, 175 (1844). 
