ULMACE^. 



SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



71 



CELTIS MISSISSIPPIENSIS. 



Sugarberry. Hackberry. 



Leaves ovate-lanceolate, ovate, or oblong-lanceolate, entire or occasionally obscurely 

 and remotely serrate. Fruit small. 



Celtis Mississippiensis, Bosc, Diet. Agric. nouv. ed. x. 41 Celtis longifolia, Rafinesque, Fl. Tex. 22(1833). — Nuttall, 



(1810). — S]^a>Qh.^ Ann. ScL Nat. s^r. 2, xvi. 42; Hist. 

 Veg. xi. 136. — Planchon, Ann. Set Nat. s4t. 3, x. 287 ; 

 De Candolle Prodr. xvii. 176. — Walpers, Ann. iii. 395. 



& Coulter, Gray's Man. ed. 6, 463, 734. 



ntrih. U. S. Nat. Herb. ii. 407 (Man. PI W. 



Watson 



Texas^ . 



Celtis laevigata, Willdenow, Berl. Baumz. ed. 2, 81 

 (1811) ; Enum. Suppl. 68. — Roemer & Schultes, Syst. 



Sylvay i. 34, t. 40. — Planchon, Be Candolle Prodr. xvii. 



177. 

 Celtis fuscata, Rafinesque, New FL iii. 33 (1836). 

 Celtis integrifolia, Nuttall, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. 



ser. V. 169 (not Lamarck) (1837). 



Celtis Berlandieri, Klotzsch, Linncea, xx. 541 (1847). 



Planchon, Be Candolle Prodr. xvii. 179. — Hemsley, Bot 

 Biol. Am. Cent. iii. 139. 



vi. 306. — Sprengel, Syst. i. 932. — Rafinesque, New Fl. Celtis Texana, Scheele, Linncea^ xxii- 146 (1849) ; Roemer 



iii. 34. — Loudon, Arh. Brit. iii. 1420. — Dietrich, Syn 

 ii. 991. — Koch, Dendr. ii. 432. 



Texasj 446. 

 Celtis Lindheimeri, Koch, Dendr. ii. 434 (1872). 



Celtis alba, Rafinesque, FL Ludovic. 25 (1817) ; New FL Celtis occidentalis, Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th 



ui. 



32. 



Planchon, De Candolle Prodr. xvii. 177. 



Hemsley, Bot. Biol. Am. Cent. iii. 139. 

 Celtis occidentalis, var. integrifolia, Nuttall, Gen. i. 202 



Census TJ. S. ix. 125 (in part) (not Linnseus) (1884) ; 

 Garden and Forest^ iii. 39 (in part), f. 9, 10, 11. — Ha- 

 vard, Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus. viii. 506. 



(1818). 



Chapman, Fl. 417. 



A tree, sixty to eighty feet in height, with a short trunk two or three feet in diameter and 

 spreading sometimes pendulous branches which form a broad and often graceful head ; often much 

 smaller and sometimes shrubby in habit. The bark of the trunk is one half to two thirds of an inch 

 in thickness, Hght blue-gray, and covered with prominent excrescences. The branchlets, when they first 



covered with pale pubescence, and in their first winter are 



light green and glabrous or 



appear, are 



bright reddish brown, rather lustrous and marked with oblong pale lenticels and narrow elevated 

 horizontal leaf-scars in which appear the ends of three fibro-vascular bundles. The buds are ovate, 

 pointed, flattened by the pressure of the stem, from one sixteenth to one eighth of an inch in length. 



and covered by chestnut-brown puberulous 



The 



are 



oblo 



long 



pointed, more or less falcate, unequally rounded and very obhque, or unequally wedge-shaped at the base, 

 entire or occasionally obscurely serrate with minute incurved teeth, or rarely furnished above the middle 

 with one or two broad sharp teeth, and three-ribbed ; when they unfold they are light yellow-green and 

 nearly glabrous or coated with pale pubescence, and at maturity they are firm, smooth, and glabrous, 

 dark green on the upper, and pale on the lower surface, three or four inches long and three quarters of 

 an inch to three inches broad, with slender petioles slightly grooved above and from one quarter to one 

 half of an inch in length, narrow yellow ribs impressed above, and slender veins arcuate and united near 

 the margins and connected by conspicuous reticulate veinlets. The stipules are hnear-strap-shaped, 

 white and scarious, and coated with soft white hairs. The flowers appear in early spring and are borne 

 on slender hirsute pedicels. The calyx is greenish yellow, divided to the base into five ovate lanceolate 

 glabrous or puberulous scarious lobes which are furnished at the apex with tufts of long white hairs. 

 The filaments are incurved in the bud, slightly flattened and glabrous; in the sterile flower they 

 straio'hten themselves abruptly and become exserted ; and in the perfect flower they are shorter and 

 remain incurved, the anthers after anthesis being included or slightly exserted. The ovary is ovate, 



