102 



SILYA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



PLATANACE^. 



PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS. 



Sycamore. Buttonwood. 



Leaves broadly ovate, obscurely 3 to 5-lobed, the lobes usually serrulate-toothed 

 truncate or rarely wedge-shaped at the base. Head of fruit usually solitary. 



Platanus occidentalis, Linnaeus, Sj^ec. 999 (1763). 

 Miller, Diet. ed. 8, No. 2. — Du Roi, Harbk. Baumz. ii 



134. 



Wanp-enheim, Nordavi. Hi 



t. 54. — Curtis, Rep. Geolog. Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 



76. — Chapman, Fl. 418. — A. de Candolle, Prodr. xvi. 

 pt. ii. 159. — Koch, Dendr. ii. 468. — Emerson, Trees 



Marshall, Arhust. Am. 105. — Moench 



Wi 



78 ; Meth. 358. — : Evelyn, Sylva^ ed. Hunter, ii. 54, t. 



Walter 



55. 



Abbot, Insects of Georgia^ ii. t. 

 Willdenow, BerL Baumz. 224 ; Spec. iv. pt. 1, 

 474 ; Eniivi. 984. — Schmidt, Oestr. Baumz. iii. 126, t. 

 8. — Castiglioni, Viag. negli Stati Uniti, ii. 327- 

 Borkhausen, Handb. Forstbot. i. 666. — Michaux, Fl. 

 Bor.-Am. ii. 163. — Poiret, Lam. Diet. v. 438. — iVbw- 

 veau Duhamel^ ii. 6, t. 2. — Persoon, Syn. ii. 573. 



Mass. ed. 2, i. 261, 

 Mathieu, Flore For 



Dendr. 354, f. 137. 



Schnizlein, Icon. t. 97, f . 1-24. 



Lauche, Deutsche 

 yees N. Am. 10th 



Census U. S. ix. 129. — Watson & Coulter, Gray's Man. 

 ed. 6, 467. — Jankd, Bat. Jahrb. xi. 450. — Coulter, Con- 

 trib. U. S. Nat Herb. ii. 410 {Man. PI. W. Texas). 

 Niedenzu, Engler & Prantl PJlanzenfam. iii. pt. ii. f. 

 76. — Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 206, f. 40, A. — Dippel, 

 Handb. Laubholzk. iii. 279, f. 152. 



Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 545. — Du Mont de Courset, Platanus lobata, Moench, Meth. 358 (1794). 



Bat. Cult. ed. 2, vi. 435. — Schkuhr, Handb. iii. 274, t. Platanus hybridus, Brotero, Fl. Lus. ii. 487 (1804) 



306. 



Michaux, Hist. Arb. Am. iii. 184, t. 3. — Pursh, Platanus vulgaris, € angulosa, Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. 



FL Am. Sept. ii. 635. — Bigelow, FL Boston. 233. 

 Nuttall, Gen. ii. 219. — Hayne, Dendr. FL 171. — Elliott, 



sdr. 2, XV. 293 (1841) ; Hist. Veg. xi. 79. — Bommer, 

 Les Platanes et leur Culture^ 17. 



Sk. ii. 620. — Sprengel, Syst. iii. 865. — Watson, Dendr. Platanus occidentalis, var. Hispanica, Wesmael, Mem. 



Brit. ii. 100, t, 100. — Audubon, Birds^ t. 206. — Hooker, 



Fl. Bor.'Am. ii. 158. — Torrey, FL N. Y. ii. 218. 



Dar- 



Soc. Sci. Hainauty s^r. 3, i. 12, f. 5 (1867). — Koehne, 

 Deutsche Dendr. 206. 



lington, FL Cestr. ed. 3, 283. — Agardh, Theor. Syst. PL Platanus occidentalis, p lobata, Bommer, Les Platanes 



t. 13, f . 1-2. — Hartig, Forst. Culturpfi. Deutschl. 446, 



et leur Culture, 17, f. 5, 6 (1869). 



A tree^ occasionally one hundred and forty to one hundred and seventy feet in height^ with a trunk 

 sometimes ten or eleven feet in diameter above its abruptly enlarged base^ often divided near the ground 

 into several large secondary trunks^ or rising seventy or eighty feet as a straight column-like shaft free 

 from branches and with little diminution of diameter ; ^ and massive spreading limbs which form a 

 broad open rather irregular head often exceeding a hundred feet in diameter, their extremities usually 

 erect or sometimes more or less pendulous. The bark at the base of large trunks is two to three 

 inches thick, dark brown, and divided by deep furrows into broad rounded ridges separating on the 

 surface into small thin appressed scales ; thickest near the ground, it gradually grows thinner, and 

 passes into the bark of the younger trunks and large branches, which rarely exceeds half an inch in 

 thickness, and is dark reddish brown, and broken into small oblong thick appressed plate-like scales, 

 while high on the tree it is smooth and light gray, and separates into large thin scales, which, in falling, 

 expose large irregular surfaces of the pale yellow, whitish, or greenish inner bark. The branchlets are 

 at first coated, like the leaves, the petioles, and stipules, with thick pale tomentum, which soon 

 disappears j during their first summer they are dark green and glabrous, and marked with many minute 

 oblong pale lenticels, and during their first winter they are dark orange-brown and rather lustrous, 

 becoming light gray in their second year or light reddish brown when they cast their pale membranous 

 outer bark. The leaves are broadly ovate, more or less deeply three to five-lobed by broad shallow 

 sinuses rounded in the bottom, the lobes being broad, acuminate, sinuate-toothed with long straight or 



^ The large trunks of Platanus occidentalis are usually hollow to a considerable height above the ground. 



