118 



SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



JUGLANDACE^. 



JUGLANS CINEREA. 



Butternut. Oilnut. 



Leaflets 11 to 17, oblong-lanceolate. Fruit oblong, acute, racemose ; nut 4-ribbed 

 at the sutures, deeply sculptured into thin ragged plates, 2-celled at the base. 



Juglans cinerea, Linnaeus, Spec. eel. 2, 1415 (1763). 



• « • 



Ul. 



45. 



Jacquin, Icon, Rar. i. 19j t. 19 



Moench, Bdicme 



Wi 



21, 



Wangenheim, Nordam. Holz, 21, t. 9, f. 

 Walter, FL Car. 235. — Willdenow, BerL Baumz. 



Curtis, Rep, Geolog. Surv. N, Car. 1860, 



Chapman, Fl, 419. — C de CandoUe, Ann. Sci. Nat. s^r. 



4, xviii. 16, t. 4, f. 45 ; Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 137. — Koch, 



Dendr. 



1. 



589. 



Emerson, Trees Mass. ed. 2, 207, t. 



156 ; Spec. iv. 456 ; Eiiuvi. 979. — Castiglioni, Viag. 

 negli Statl Uniti^ ii. 263. — Borkhausen, Handh. Forst- 

 bot. 1. 754. — Poiret, Lam. Diet, iv. 503 ; III. iii. 365, t. 

 781, f. 7- — Schmidt, Oestr. Baumz. iii. 38, t. 161. 

 Muehlenberg & Willdenow, Neue Schrift. GeselL nat. . 

 Berlin, iii. 388. — Michaux, FL Bor.-Am. ii. 191. - 

 soon, Syn. ii. 566. — Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 347. 



Ridgway, P^^oc. U. S 



Deutsche Dendr. 305- 



Nat. Mus 



Lauche, 



N. Am. 



10th Census U. S. ix. 130. — Watson & Coulter, Gray's 

 Man. ed. 6, 467. — Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. ii. 320. 

 Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 76. 



Per- Juglans oblonga, Miller, Diet. ed. 8, No. 3 (1768). 



Roi, Harbk. Baumz. i. 332. — Moench, Meth. 696. 



Du 



Du 



Mont de Courset, Bot Cttlt. ed. 2, vi. 235. — Stokes, Bot. Juglans oblonga alba, Marshall, Arbust. Am. 67 (1785) 



Mat. Med. iv. 402.— Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii. 636. 

 Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 230. — NuttaU, Gen. ii. 220. 

 Hayne, Dendr. Fl. 163. — Elliott, Sk. ii. 622. — Sprengel, 



Juglans nigra, /?, Schoepf, Mat. Med. Amer. 139 (1787). 

 Juglans cathartica, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. i. 165, t 

 2 (1810). 



Syst. in. 865. — Audubon, 5mZ5, t. 142. — Spach, Hist. Carya cathartica. Barton, Compend. Fl. Phila. ii. 178 



Veg. ii. 170. — Rafinesque, Alsograph. Am, 66. — Hooker, 



(1818). 



Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 143. — Torrey, FL N. Y. ii. 180. — Die- Wallia cinerea, Alefeld, Bo^iplandia^ ix. 336 (1861) 

 trich, Syn. v. 312. — Darlington, Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 262. 



A tree, occasionally one hundred feet liigh, with a tall straight trunk two to three feet in diameter 

 and sometimes free of branches for half its height, but more frequently dividing, fifteen or twenty feet 

 above the surface of the ground, into numerous stout limbs which spread horizontally often to a great 

 length, and form a broad low symmetrical round-topped head. The bark of the trunk is from three 

 quarters of an inch to an inch in thickness, and is light brown and deeply divided into broad ridges, 

 which separate on the surface into small appressed plate-like scales ; that of young trunks and of the 

 branches is smooth and light gray. The branchlets, when they first appear, are coated, like the petioles, 

 with rufous pubescence, which gradually disappears during the summer ; and in their first winter they 

 are dark orange-brown or bright green, rather lustrous, slightly puberulous, covered more or less thickly 

 with pale lenticels, becoming brown tinged with red or orange in their second year, and then gradually 



growing gray. The leaf-scars are light gray, and made conspicuous by the 

 large black fibro-vascular bundle-scars and by the elevated bands of pale tomentum which separate them 

 from the lowest axillary buds. The terminal buds are one half to two thirds of an inch in length and 

 one quarter of an inch in breadth, and are somewhat flattened and obliquely truncate at the apex. 

 The two outer scales are coated externally with short pale pubescence, and when fully grown are an 

 inch long and one third of an inch wide ; they are often narrowed into broad distinct stalks, and are 

 thickened and rounded on the back and acute at the thickened apex ; the inner scales are longer and 

 broader, and are frequently obscurely pinnate, resembling the first leaves, which are an inch and a 

 half long, with two or three pairs of small leaflets and thickened stalks widened from the base to the 

 apex, where they are frequently half an inch across, and covered on the outer surface with rusty 

 brown tomentum and on the inner with soft pale hairs. The axillary buds are ovate, flattened, rounded 



losing: their lustre and 



