CUPULIFERJE. 



SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



13 



Another fungus, Taphrina ccerulescensy Tulasne, is common on the 



ifolia 



laurifolia 



Venttcria Orblcula, Cooke & Peck, forms numerous small hlack 

 spots arranged in circles on Oak leaves. Coccomyces triangularis, 

 Saccardo, which is common on Quercus alba, is easily recognized 

 on other species, ranging as it does from New England to the by its habit of rupturing the bark in triangular spots. Polyporus 

 Gulf states and to California. It forms grayish or bluish gray graveolens, Fries, one of the large punk-fungi, is found on Quer- 



cus nigra and Quercus Catesbcei in the southern states ; and the 

 perceptible distortion, and is most abundant in early summer. beefsteak fungus, Fisiulina Hepatica, Fries, one of the best edible 

 Botanically it is nearly related to the fungus which causes the curl fungi, grows on the trunks of Oaks and Chestnut-trees. 



without 



of Peach-leaves. 



From the attacks of Rust-fungi American Oaks appear to be 



54 Cobbett, Woodlands, No. 422. 



55 Among the North American species of Quercus the White 



nearly exempt, although Uredo Quercus, Brondeau, of southern Oaks are much more difficult to transplant than the Black Oaks or 

 Europe, occurs also to some extent in our southern states on the biennial-fruited species, and only small seedlings can be safely 



leaves of Quercus Phellos and Quercus Virginiana. 



removed. Black Oaks of comparatively large size can, however. 



The mildews which infest Oak-trees, apart from the ubiquitous be transplanted without much danger or trouble, and plauts ten 



Phyllactinia, belong to the genus Microsphsera, Microsphcera quer- to fifteen feet high are often taken from the woods and success- 



cina, Burrill, being abundant and widely distributed in the region fully set in the streets of the cities of the southern states, 

 east of the Mississippi River on several species of Quercus. A mil- 



es Inst. 682-^84, t. 349, 350. 



lanestris 



ifolia 



CONSPECTUS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES. 



Lepidobalanus. Aments of the staminate flowers pendulous ; stigmas dilated, 



Leucobalanus. Abortive ovules basal or rarely lateral ; stamens usually from 6 to 8 ; stigmas 

 sessile or subsessile ; nut glabrous or rarely pubescent on the inner surface. White Oaks. 

 Maturation annual ; nut glabrous on the inner surface (except No. 26) ; abortive ovules - 

 basal. 



Leaves falling in the autumn (except No. 13). 

 Yellow-green. 



Lyrate or sinuate-pinnatifid. 



Obovate-oblong, obliquely 3 to 9-lobed or pinnatifid, pale and glabrous 



below 1- Q- ALBA. 



Oblong or obovate, deeply lobed, usually stellate-pubescent on the upper 



surface, pale and pubescent on the lower 2. Q. lobata. 



Oblong, acutely lobed, stellate-pubescent on the upper surface .... 3. Q. Brewert. 



Obovate or oblong, coarsely pinnatifid-lobed 4. Q. Gauryana. 



Obovate or oblong-lanceolate, lobed or pinnatifid, pubescent on the lower 



surface 5. Q. Gambelii. 



Oblong-obovate, usually 5-lobed, pubescent on the lower surface, roughened 



with stellate hairs on the upper 6. Q. minor. 



Oblong or oblong-obovate, entire or slightly sinuate-lobed toward the apex 7. Q. Chapkani. 

 Obovate or oblong, lyrately pinnatifid or deeply sinuate-lobed or divided, 



usually pale and pubescent on the lower surface 8. Q. macrocarpa. 



Obovate-oblong, deeply 5 to 9-lobed or pinnatifid, pubescent and usually 



silvery white on the lower surface 9. Q. ltrata. 



Coarsely sinuate-toothed. Chestnut Oaks. 



Obovate or oblong to lanceolate-acuminate, with rounded or acute teeth . 10. Q. Prinus. 



Oblong to lanceolate, acute or acuminate or broadly obovate, puberulous 



and pale, often silvery white on the lower surface 11- Q- ACUivnxATA. 



Obovate-oblong, wedge-shaped at the base, soft-pubescent and often silvery 



white on the lower surface 12. Q. prinoides. 



Oval to obovate, thick and coriaceous, pale and usually puberulous on the 



lower surface, persistent during the winter 13. Q. Sadleriana 



Obovate or oblong-obovate, generally sinuate-dentate or lobed, pubescent 



and usually hoary on the lower surface 14. Q. platanoides. 



