CUPULIFER-a:. 



SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



23 



QUERCUS LOBATA. 



White Oak. Valley Oak. 



Leaves oblong or obovate, deeply lobed, pale and pubescent below 



Nat. iii. 277 (D, 

 ie Encina) (18( 



Berlin^ iii. 188. — Greene, West Am. Oaks, 13, t. 8 ; 



Persoon, Syn. ii. 570. — Nouveau 



Poiret, iam. Diet. Suppl. ii. 224. 



weg. 337. — Liebmann, Oversigt Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. 



Man. Bot. Bay Region^ 302; Erythea^ ii. 64. 



Mayr, 



HarU 



Wald. Nordam. 264, t. 2. — Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 

 ii. 75. — Coville, Contrih. TJ. S. Nat. Herb. iv. 197 {Bot. 

 Death Valley Exped.). 



Forhandl. 1854, 172. — Torrey, Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. Quercus Hindsii, Bentham, Bot. Voy. Sulphur, 55 (1844). 



205 ; Bot. Wilkes Explor. Exped. 461, t. 15. — R. Brown 

 Campst. Horce Sylvance^ 52, f . 1-3. — A. de Candolle, 

 Brodr. xvi. pt- ii. 24. — Bolander, Broc. Cat. Acad. \\\. 



Orsted, Vidensk. Medd. fra nat. For. Kj'dbenh. 



Endlicher, Gen. Suppl. pt. iv. 24. — Walpers, Ann. i. 635. 

 Torrey, Pacific R. B. Rep. iv. 138. — Newberry, Pacific 

 R. R. Rep. vi. 29, 89, t. 1, f. 7. — Orsted, Liebmann 

 Chenes Am. Trop. t. 42, f. 4. 

 1866, 66 ; Liebmann Chenes Am. Trop. 23, t. 42, f. Quercus longiglanda, Fremont, Geographical Memoir upon 



230. 



1-3. 



Koch, Dendr. ii. pt. ii. 53. — Engelmann, Trans 



St. Louis Acad. iii. 388 ; Rothroch Wheeler's Rep. vi 



Uiyper California^ 15, 17 {Senate Doc. Miscellaneous, 

 No. 148, 30th Congress U. S. 1st Sess.) (1848). 



Watson 



Kellogg, Forest Quercus lobata, var. Hindsii, Wenzig, Jahrb. Bot. Gart. 



Trees of California, 66. — Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am, 

 IQth Census TJ. S. ix. 138. — Wenzig, Jahrb. Bot. Gart 



Berlin, iii. 188 (1885). 



The largest and most graceful of the Oaks of Pacific North America, Quercus lobata often rises 

 to a height of one hundred feet. The trunk is generally three or four feet, but sometimes ten feet 

 in diameter, and dividing near the ground, or usually twenty or thirty feet above it, into great limbs 

 spreading at wide and varied angles, forms a broad head of slender branches which, hanging gracefully 



sprays, sometimes sweep the ground and 



space from 



hundred feet 



1 



Less frequently the upper limbs grow almost at right angles with the trunk and form a narrow and more 

 rigid head of variously contorted erect or pendent branches. The bark of the trunk and large limbs 

 is usually from three quarters of an inch to an inch and a half in thickness, and is covered with small 

 loosely appressed light gray scales slightly tinged with orange or brown j at the base of old trees it 

 is frequently five or six inches in thickness and is divided by longitudinal shallow fissures into broad flat 



!S. The branchlets are slender and are marked with oblonsr 



idges broken horizontally 



short plat 



pale scattered 



and when they first appear are coated, as are the young leaves and petioles 



with short silky canescent pubescence ; in the first winter they 



ashy gray, light reddish bro 



or 



pale orange-color, and slightly pubescent, or puberulous, becoming glabrous and lighter colored during 

 their second year. The buds are ovate, acute, and usually about a quarter of an inch long, but often 



smaller, with orange-brown pube 



scales 



and frequently ciliate on the 



margms 



The 



leaves, which are very variable in shape on the same branch, are conduplicate in vernation, and are 

 gradually narrowed and wedge-shaped or broad and rounded or cordate at the base ; the sinuses which 

 divide them shghtly or nearly to the midribs are rounded, acute, or oblique at the base, and although 

 irregular in width are generally narrow except near the middle of the leaf, where one or two pairs 

 are often much wider than the others ; the terminal lobe is broad, obovate or oblong, and somewhat 

 three-lobed or entire at the rounded apex ; the three to five pairs of oblique lateral lobes diminish in 

 size from the uppermost to the lowest, which are usually not more than half as long as those of the 

 next pair above them and are generally acute and entire ; 



the other lob 



ely lobed-dentate at their broad apex 



some tun 



and 



obovate, obtuse 

 Lided : or occasi 



lly the 



^ Garden and Forest^ iii. 606, f. 



