CUPULIFERiE. 



8ILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



33 



QUERCUS GAMBELII 



White Oak. Shin Oak. 



Leaves broadly obovate to . oblong-lanceolate, pubescent on the lower surface 

 variously lobed or pinnatifid, the lobes entire, emarginate or lobed. 



Quercus Gambelii, Nuttall, Jour. Phil. Acad. n. ser. i. Quercus stellata, 8 Utahensis, A. de Candolle, Prodr. 



pt. ii. 179 (1848). — Torrey, Sitgreaves' Rep. 172, t. 18 ; 



xvi. pt. ii. 22 (1864). 



Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 205. — Liebmann, Oversigt Quercus Douglasii, yS ? Gambelii, A. de Candolle, Prodr. 



Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. ForhandL 1854, 169. — Orsted, 



xvi. pt. ii. 23 (1864). 



Liebmann Chmes Am. Trop, 22, t. 40, f. 1. — Hemsley, Quercus Douglasii, y Novomexicana, A. de Candolle, 



Bot, Biol, A7n. Cent. iii. 171. — Wenzig, Jahrh. Bot. 



Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 24 (1864). 



Gart. Berlin^ iii. 189. — Greene, West Am. Oaks^ 23, t. Quercus undulata^ Watson, Am. Nat. vii. 302 (Plants of 



13, f. 1, 2 ; pt. ii. 71, t. 33. — Sargent, Garden and 



Northern Arizona) (in part) (1873). 



Forest^ ii. 471. — Coulter, Contrlb. U. S. Nat. Herb. Quercus undulata, ^ Gambelii, Engelmann, Trans. St. 



ii. 415 {Man. PI. W. Texas). — Koehne, Gartenflora^ 

 xliv. 6, f. 2-10. 



ercus alba /? ? Gunnisonii, Torrey, Pacific B. R. Rep. 

 ii. pt. i. 130 (1855). — Watson, King's Rep. v. 321. — 

 Porter, Haijden's Rep. 1871, 493. — Porter & Coulter, 

 Syn. Fl. Colorado, 127. 



Louis Acad. iii. 382,392 (1876). — Sargent, i^ores^ Trees 



N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 139. — Coulter, Man. 



Rooky Mt. Bot. 333. 

 Quercus Gambelii, var. Gunnisonii, Wenzig, Jahrh. Bot. 



Gart. Berlin, iii. 190 (1885). 

 Quercus venustula, Greene, West Am. Gales ^ pt. ii. 69, 



t. 32 (1890), 



Usually a shrub^ forming by vigorous stolons broad low thickets varying from three or four to 

 fifteen or twenty feet in height, the central stems often rising high above the others and assuming 

 the habit of trees; or less commonly a tree, twenty or twenty-five feet in height, with a trunk a 

 foot in diameter, or, rarely, forty or fifty feet in height, with a trunk eighteen inches in diameter, 

 and slender branches spreading nearly at right angles from the stem and forming a narrow round- 

 topped head. The bark of the trunk is from one half to three quarters of an inch in thickness, and 

 is deeply divided into broad irregular often connected flat ridges separating on the surface into thin 



•own. The branchlets are 



dark gray scales frequently tinged with red or light brown. 



they first appear, are coated with short pale or ferrugineous tomentum 



are slender, and, when 

 their first winter they 



are light orange-color or reddish brown, glabrous or puberulous, and, gradually growing darker or 

 sometimes ashy gray during their second and third years, ultimately become dark brown or gray. The 

 buds are ovate, acute or obtuse, covered with light chestnut-brown pubescent scales, and about an 

 eighth of an inch in length. The leaves are convolute in the bud, broadly obovate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 wedge-shaped or sometimes narrowed and rounded or broad and cordate at the base, and slightly or 

 deeply divided by narrow or broad sinuses into from five to thirteen lobes, or pinnatifid ; the terminal 



lobe 



ded and three-lobed at the apex, and the lateral lobes are obi 



-b 



broadly rounded, emarginate or auriculate or lobed, or are narrow, rounded or acute and entire or lobed ; 

 when the leaves unfold they are coated below with thick white tomentum and above with scattered stel- 

 late pubescence, and at maturity they are thick and firm, glabrous or rarely stellate-pubescent, lustrous 

 and dark or yellow-green, or 

 they are from three to five inches in length and from 



dull green above, and paler, often yellowish and soft-pubescent below 



five inches in width, with prominent pale 



midribs hirsute on the under and occasionally also on the upper side, primary veins deviating at broad 



arcuate and united near the 



& 



d running to the points of the lobes, secondary veins 



mar^rins and conspicuous veinlets ; they are borne on stout persistent petioles flattened above, and 



