CUPULIFER^. 



8ILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



59 



QUERCUS PRINOIDES 



Chinquapin Oak. 



Leaves usually obovate-oblong, wedge-shaped at the base, undulate-toothed with 

 ounded or acute teeth, soft-pubescent and often silvery white on the lower surface. 



Quercus prinoides, Willclenow, Muehlenherg & Willdenoic Quercus Prinus (pumila), Michaux, Hist. ChPnes Am. No 



Neue Schrift. GeselL Nat. Fr. Berlin, iii. 397 (1801) ; 

 Spec. iv. pt. i. 440. — Persoon, Syn. ii. 568. — Poiret, 



5, t. 9, f. 1 (not Quercxis ^9?o/n7a., Walter) (1801) ; Fl 

 Bor.-Am. ii. 196. 



Lam. Diet. Suppl. 

 166. 



11. 



219. 



Noitveaiv Diihamelj vii, Quercus Prinus Chincapin, Micbaux f. Hisf. Arb. Am 



Torrey, FL N. Y. ii. 193, t, 109. — Darlington, FL 

 Cestr. ed. 3, 267. — Dietrich, Sy7i. v. 309. — Chapman, 

 ;FI, 424. — Vasey, A77u Ent and Bat. ii. 281, f . 174. 



ii. 64, t. 10 (1812). — A. de CandoUe, Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 



1. 



Wesmael, BidL Fed. Hort. Soc. Belg. 1869, 339. 



Wenzig, Jahrh. BoU Gart. Berlbij iii. 180. 



Koch, i>encZr- ii. pt. ii. 49. — Engelmann, Tmns. >S/. Zoi^/s Quercus Chinquapin, Pursh, FL Am. Se/jf. ii. 634 

 Acad. iii. 391. — Watson & Coulter, Gh 



476. 



Handb 



Quercus Prinus humilis, Marshall, Arhust. Am, 125 



(not Qiiereiis humilis, Lamarck) (1785). — Castiglioni, 



(1814). — Nuttall, 6^671. ii. 216. — Elliott, SL ii. 611.— 



Darlington, FL Cestr. ed. 2, 536. — Emerson, Trees 

 Mass. 140 ; ed. 2, i. 158, t. — Bigelow, FL Boston, ed. 3, 



Oi i . 



Viag. negli Stati Uniti, ii. 346. — Gray, ilia?z. edo 5, Quercus Muehlenbergii, var. humilis, Britton, Bnll 



452. 



Torreij Bat. Club, xiii. 41 (1886). 



A shrub^ spreading into broad clumps by vigorous prolific stolons^ Tvith slender stems usually from 

 two to four feet in height ; or occasionally ^ in the east^ from twelve to fifteen feet tall^ and in the prairie 

 regions of Missouri and Kansas sometimes almost tree-like in habit^, with trunks covered with pale 

 scaly bark^ often four or five inches in diameter and from ten to fifteen feet in height. The branchlets 

 are slender and marked with conspicuous pale lenticels, which persist for many years, and when 

 they first appear are dark green tinged with red and covered with pale scurfy caducous pubescence ; 

 during their first winter they are orange or reddish brown, and, becoming brown tinged with red in 

 their second year, they ultimately turn dark brown. The buds are ovate or subglobose, and obtuse 

 or slightly narrowed at the apex, about an eighth of an inch in length, and covered with light chestnut- 

 brown scales thin and scarious on the margins. The leaves are convolute in the bud, ovate-oblong or 

 rarely oblong, usually gradually narrowed and wedge-shaped, or rarely rounded at the broader entire 

 base, acute or acuminate at the apex, coarsely undulate-toothed with equal acute incurved or with broad 

 rounded teeth tipped with small glandular mucros ; when they unfold they are orange-red and puberu- 

 lous, or pilose with short pale hairs on the upper surface, red and coated on the lower with thick sil- 

 very white tomentum, and furnished at the points of the teeth with large dark glands, and at maturity 

 they are thin and firm, dark yeUow-green and rather lustrous above, coated Avith soft fine pubescence 

 and silvery white or rarely Hght green below, from three to six inches in length and from an inch to 

 three and a half inches in breadth, with slender narrow yellow midribs, primary veins running obhquely 

 to the points of the teeth, and conspicuous reticulate cross veinlets ; they are borne on stout glabrous 

 or puberulous petioles grooved and flattened on the upper side and from one quarter to three quarters 

 of an inch in length, and in the autumn turn bri^-ht orange and scarlet before falling. The stipides are 



obovate or linear lanceolate, red above the middle, coated with pale hairs, from one half to three 

 quarters of an inch long, soon becoming brown and scarious, and caducous. The flowers open in May, 

 when the leaves are nearly a third grown, and are borne, the staminate in hirsute aments from an inch 

 and a half to two inches and a half in length, the pistillate on short peduncles clothed, like their invo- 



