cupuLiFER^. 8ILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



89 



QUERCUS ARIZONICA 



White Oak. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate to broadly obovate, cordate or rounded at the base, acute 

 or rounded at the apex, spinose-dentate, blue-green, pubescent and conspicuously 

 reticulate-yenulose on the lower surface. 



Quercus Arizonica, Sargent, Garden and Forest^ viii. 92 Quercus undulata, var. grisea, Engelmann, Rothrock 



(1895). 



Wheeler's Rep. vi. 250 (not Quercus grisea^ Liebmann) 



Quercus Emoryi, Watson, PL Wheeler^ 17 (not Torrey) (1878). — Greene, West Am. Oaks, 30 (in part), t. 14. 



(1874). 



Quercus grisea, Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census 



U. S. ix. 144 (excl. syn.) (not Liebmann) (1884). 



A tree^ occasionally fifty or sixty feet in height^ with a trunk three or four feet in diameter and 

 stout contorted branches spreading nearly at right angles from the stem and forming a handsome round- 

 topped symmetrical head ; usually not more than thirty or forty feet tall^ and at high elevations 

 sometimes reduced to a low shrub. The bark of the trunk is about an inch thick^ and is deeply divided 

 by narrow fissures into broad ridges broken into long thick plate-Kke scales pale or ashy gray on the 

 surface^ that of the young stems and the branches being thinner^ pale, and scaly with small appressed 

 scales. The branchlets are stout, and when they first appear are clothed with thick fulvous tomentum 

 which continues to cover them during their first winter, and in their second season they are reddish 

 brown or light orange-color, marked with pale lenticels, and pubescent or puberulous, becoming glabrous 

 and darker the following year. The buds are subglobose, about a sixteenth of an inch long, and 

 covered by loosely imbricated bright chestnut-brown puberulous scales often ciliate on the margins. 

 The leaves are revolute in the bud, oblong-lanceolate to broadly obovate, rounded or cordate at the 

 base, generally acute or sometimes rounded at the apex, and repandly spinose-dentate with minute 

 callous teeth usually, except on vigorous shoots, only above the middle or toward the apex ; or they are 

 entire and sometimes undulate ; when they unfold they are light red, clothed with bright fulvous or 

 hoary tomentum, and furnished with dark dental glands, and at maturity they are thick, firm and rigid, 

 dark blue-green and glabrous or covered with stellate hairs above, and yellow-green or pale blue and 

 clothed with thick fulvous or pale pubescence below ; they are extremely variable in size as well as in 

 shape, varying from an inch to four inches in length and from half an inch to two inches in width, but 

 are usually about two inches long and an inch wide, with yellow midribs broad and thick on the under 

 and slender and raised on the upper side, and slender yellow primary veins arcuate and united near the 

 thickened and slightly revolute margins and connected by coarsely reticulate veinlets ; they are borne 

 on stout tomentose slightly flattened petioles from one quarter to one half of an inch in length and fall 

 in the early spring with or just before the appearance of the new growth. The stipules are obovate- 

 oblong or Hnear-lanceolate, brown and scarious, coated with pale tomentum below and furnished at the 

 apex with clusters of long hairs, and are caducous, or those of the last leaves sometimes persist during 

 the winter. The flowers appear in April ; the staminate are borne in short tomentose aments two or 

 three inches in length from the axils of the inner bud-scales of the terminal buds, and the plstiUate 

 on short peduncles clothed with thick pale tomentum. The calyx of the staminate flower is pale yellow 

 and pubescent, and is divided into from four to seven broad acute lobes often ciHate on the margins 

 Avith pale hairs, and shorter than the stamens, which are composed of slender filaments and oblong 

 slightly emarginate red or yellow anthers. The fruit, which is sessile or is sometimes borne on a stout 



