CUPUUTEILE. 



SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



133 



QUERCUS GOCOINEA 



Scarlet Oak. 



Leaves oblong or obovate, light green and lustrous, deeply lobed, with broad 

 rounded sinuses, the slender lobes coarsely repandly dentate toward the apex. 



Qnercus coccinea, Muenchhausen, Hmtsv, v. 254 (excL b) 

 (1770). — Wangenheim, Nordam. Holz. 44, t. 4, f. 9. 

 Muehlenberg & Willdenow, Neite SchrifL GeselL Nat. Fr. 

 Berlin^ iii. 398. — Michaux, Hist. Chenes Am. No, 18, t. 

 31, 32 ; FL Bor.-Am. ii. 199. — Willdenow, Spec. iv. pt. i. 

 445; Fnu7n.976; BerL Baumz. ed. 2, 343. — Persoon, 

 Syn, ii. 569. — Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 511- — Poiret, 

 La7)i, Diet. Suppl. ii. 221. — Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. 

 ii. 116, t. 23. — Pursh, FL Am. Sept. ii. 630. — Bigelow, 

 Fl. Boston. 221. — Nuttall, Gen. ii. 214. — Noiiveau Bn- 

 hamely vii. 171. — Hayne, Dendr. Fl. 157. — Elliott, aS'^. 

 ii. 602. — Sprengel, Syst. iii. 863. — Loudon, Arb. Brit. 



iii. 1879, f . 1746-1748, t. — Spach, Hist. Veg. xi. 165. 



Torrey, Fl. N. T. ii. 189. — Emerson, Trees Mass. 144, 



Fl. 422. — Orsted, Vidensh. Medd. fra not. For. Kjobenh, 

 1866, 72 ; Liebmann Chenes Ain. Trop. t. B. — Wesmael, 

 Bull. Fed. Soc. Hort. Belg. 1869, 347 (excl. var. /3). 

 Koch, Dendr, ii. pt. ii. 69. — Engelmann, Trans. St Louis 

 Acad. iii. 394 (excl. var. tinctorla). — Houba, Chenes Am. 

 en Belgique^ 203, t. — Lauche, Deutsche Dendr. 299, f. 



120. 



N. 



ix. 148 (excl. hab. Florida). — Wenzig, Jahrb. Bot. Gart. 



IS 



w 



Gray's Man. ed. 6, 477 (excl. var. tinctoria). 



Mayr, 



Wald. Nor dam. 147, t. 1, 



Dippel, Handb. Laiib- 



holzJc. ii. 119, f. 56. — Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 132. 



IB coccinea, Aiton, Hort. Kew 



(1789). 



t. 9 ; ed. 2, i. 163, t. — Dietrich, Syn. v. 310. — Curtis, Quercus coccinea, a coccinea, A. de Candolle, Prodr. xvi 



Ii,62J. Geolog. Sarv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 40. — Chapman, 



pt. ii. 61 (1864). 



A tree, seventy or eighty feet in height, with a trunk from two to three feet in diameter and 

 comparatively small branches which spread gradually and form a rather narrow open head ; or usually 

 much smaller. The bark of the trunk is red internally, from half an inch to an inch in thickness, and 

 divided by shallow fissures into irregular ridges covered by small light brown scales slightly tinged with 

 red ; that of the young stems and the branches is smooth and light brown. The branchlets are slender 

 and marked by small scattered pale lenticels, and when they first appear are coated with loose scurfy 

 caducous pubescence but soon become hght green and lustrous, and during their first winter are light 

 red or orange-red and in their second year light or dark brown. The winter-buds are oval or ovate, 

 gradually narrowed to the acute apex, from an eighth to a quarter of an inch long, dark reddish brown, 

 and covered above the middle with loose pale pubescence. The leaves are convolute in the bud, oblongs 

 obovate or oval in outline, truncate or wedge-shaped at the base, and deeply divided by wide sinuses, 

 which are rounded at the bottom, into seven or rarely into nine lobes repandly dentate at the apex with 

 slender bristle-pointed teeth ; the terminal lobe is ovate, acute and three-toothed, the middle division 

 being much longer than the others and furnished with two 



two small lateral teeth near its narrow apex 

 3 lateral lobes are obovate, oblique or spreading and sometimes falcate, and usually broad and obHqu 

 the coarsely toothed apex, the middle lobes beii 



2" much larger than those below and above them 



or 



ally the leaves are shghtly sinuate-lobed with broad or acute dentate lobes ; when they unfold 



they are bright red, covered with loose pale pubes 



on the upper surface and coated on the 



with silvery white tomentum ; they become green at the end of a few days, and when half grown ar( 

 thin and lustrous, pubescent above and still covered below with tomentum which now gradually disap 



pears \ and at maturity they are thin and firm, bright 



& 



& 



labrous and very lustrous above, pal 



and less lustrous below, where they are sometimes furnished with small tufts of rusty pubescence ii 

 the axils of the veins,^ from three to six inches lonff and from two and a half to foiu- inches broad 



4 



1 111 tlie eastern states the mature leaves of Quercus coccinea are 



axils of the veins, and 



usually glabrous, but in Illinois and Minnesota they are often fur- are not distinguishable from those of Quercus Texana, 



