CUPUUFEE^, 



SILVA OF NORTH JJIJSEICA. 



183 



QUERCUS DENSIFLORA. 



Tan Bark Oak. Chestnut Oak. 



Leaves oblong, entire or dentate, tomentose on the lower surface, persistent 



Quercus densiflora, Hooker & Arnott, JBot. Voy. Beechey, 

 391 (1849). — Hooker, Icon. iv. t. 380. — NuttaU, Sylva, 



N. 



Census ?7. S> ix. 155. — Wenzig, 



i- 11, t. 5- 



Bot. Wilkes 



Pacifi 



Hart- 



Jahrb. BoU GarU Berlin^ iii. 219. — Greene, Wi 

 Oaks, 41, t. 23 ; Man. Bot. Bay Region^ 303. - 

 Wald. Nordam. 263, t. 2, 5. 



Mayr, 



weg. 337. — Newberry, Pacific B. B. Bep. vi. 31, 89, Quercus echinacea, Torrey, Pacific B. B. Bep. iv, pt. i 



f. 8. 



A. de Candolle, Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 82. — ' Bolander, 



Engelmann, Trans. St. Louis 



137, t. 14 (1856). 



Proc. Cal. Acad. iii. 231. 



Acad. iii. 380 ; Brewer & Watson Bot. Cal. n. 99. 



logg. Forest Trees of California^ 85. — Sargent, Forest 



Vidensk. Medd. f 



Kel- 



Kjobenh 



The Tan Bark Oak is usually seventy or eighty but sometimes nearly one hundred feet in height, 

 and although its trunk generally does not exceed three feet in diameter, individuals with stems double 

 that size occasionally occur ; on trees 



1 



occur ; on trees in dense coniferous forests the stout branches ascend and form a 

 narrow spire-like top, or in more open positions and when space permits, the lower branches spread 

 horizontally, and the head is broad, symmetrical, dense, and round-topped ; or sometimes it is reduced 

 to a shrub with slender stems only a few feet high.^ The bark o£ the trunk is from three quarters of 

 an inch to an inch and a half in thickness, and is deeply divided by narrow fissures into broad rounded 

 :idges broken transversely into nearly square plates covered with closely appressed Hght reddish brown 

 scales. The branchlets are stout, covered with minute pale lenticels, and coated at first with thick 

 fulvous tomentum of stellate hairs which often does not entirely disappear until the second or third 

 years, when they are dark reddish brown and frequently covered with a glacous bloom. The winter- 

 buds are ovate, obtuse, from one quarter to one third of an inch in length, covered with tomentose 

 loosely imbricated scales, and often surrounded by the persistent stipules of the upper leaves ; the scales 

 are Hnear-lanceolate in the outer ranks, but increasing in width toward the interior of the bud, those of 

 the inner ranks are ovate or obovate and rounded at the apex. The leaves are convolute in the bud 

 and oblong or oblong-obovate, rounded or acute or rarely cordate at the base, acute or occasionally 

 rounded at the apex, and repand-dentate with acute callous teeth, or entire, with thickened revolute 

 margins, dentate and entire leaves often appearing on the same branch ; when they unfold they are 

 coated with fulvous tomentum and furnished on the margins with dark caducous glands, and when 

 fully grown are pale green, lustrous and glabrous or more or less covered with scattered stellate 

 pubescence on the upper surface, and coated on the lower with rusty tomentum, but ultimately become 

 glabrous above and glabrate and bluish white below j they are from three to five inches long and from 



t> 



three quarters of an inch to three inches wide, with stout midribs raised and rounded on the upper side. 



densifl 



and a half to two inches in length and from one half to two thirds 



ser. 4, vii. 251 (1871). 

 Quercus densiflora^ G: 



npst. -4nn.and Mag, Nat. L 

 Man, Bot, Bay Reoion, 304 



width 



primary 



ccccxxxvui 



Feins. The nut is ovate, grad- 

 ually narrowed and acute at the apex, nearly an inch long, and 

 inclosed at the base in the cup-shaped cup covered by long slender 

 ticed by Robert Brown on Canon Creek in southern Oregon and recurved scales. Very distinct in the shape, size, and covering of its 

 said by him to ascend on the Siskiyou Mountains to elevations of leaves from the large-leaved forms of Quercus densiflora, this shrub 

 eight thousand feet, is not rare on the slopes of Mt. Shasta or on is connected with them by small trees which produce leaves inter- 

 the Sierra Nevada in northern California. The leaves are oval or mediate in shape, dentation, size, and coloring. The fruit of the 

 oblono--obovate, narrowed at both ends or occasionally rounded shrub differs from that of the tree only in its usually smaller size 

 at the apex, entire or obscurely sinuate-dentate, from an inch and less hairy cup-scales. 



