96 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. SALICACES. 
the leaves in sessile or pedunculate elongated and narrowly cylindrical or short and oblong-cylindrical 
or broad aments on lateral or terminal leafy branches of the year, the leaves sometimes reduced to small 
persistent or deciduous bracts; rachis of the ament usually terete, pilose with cinereous or pale hairs, 
or rarely glabrous; scales one-flowered, lanceolate, ligulate, concave, rotund or obovate, entire or rarely 
glandular-dentate at the apex, yellow, fulvous, or rose-colored, or yellow-green below and purple above, 
pilose on the back or only at the apex, strigose, villous, or ciliate, deciduous or persistent. Disk of 
the flower nectariferoys, composed of an anterior and posterior or of a single posterior gland-like 
body, or glanduliform, erect, oblong or broadly obtuse or retuse. Stamens from three to twelve, or 
two, inserted on the base of the scale; filaments filiform, free or rarely united, usually light yellow, 
glabrous or hairy toward the base; anthers small, ovate or oblong, attached on the back near the 
bottoin, introrse, generally rose-colored before anthesis and orange or purple at maturity, two-celled, the 
cells lateral, opening longitudinally. Ovary sessile or stipitate, conical and obtuse, or subulate-rostrate, 
glabrous, tomentose, or villous ; style abbreviated, divided into two short recurved retuse or two-parted 
stigmatic branches; ovules short-stalked, from four to eight on each of the two parietal placentas, 
inserted near their base, ascending, anatropous, the micropyle inferior. Capsule usually acuminate, 
one-celled, separating at maturity into two recurved valves, placentiferous below the middle. Seed 
exalbuminous, minute, narrowed at both ends, surrounded by a tuft of long pale soft hairs attached 
to the short funiculus and deciduous with it; testa membranaceous, dark chestnut-brown or nearly 
black. Embryo straight, filling the cavity of the seed; cotyledons equal, oblong, plano-convex, much 
longer than the short radicle turned toward the minute basal hilum." 
1 By Andersson (Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Handi. ser. 4, vi. No. 1 
[Monographia Salicum]; De Candolle Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 192) the 
species of Salix are grouped in the following tribes and sections : 
rarely stalked. Leaves lanceolate, long and often obliquely 
pointed, glaucous below. ‘Trees, inhabitants of temperate and 
boreal regions in the Old World. 
A. PLEIANDRz. Scales of the ament pale, one-colored, ca- B. Dranpre#. Scales of the ament two-colored, persistent. 
ducous. Stamens three or many. Stamens two, free or slightly united. 
See. 1. Tetrasperme. Aments few-flowered. Capsules ovate, Sec. 8. Longifolie. Aments pedunculate on leafy branches. 
subangular. Leaves broad at the base, sharply serrate, rigid, Capsules obtuse, usually short-stalked. Leaves lanceolate. 
lustrous. Trees, inhabitants of tropical and subtropical re- Trees or shrubs, inhabitants of temperate and tropical regions 
gions. in the New World. 
Sec. 2 Acmophyllea. Aments densely flowered. Capsules Sec. 9. Capree. Aments precocious, sessile, usually leafless. 
ovate-conical, thick, short-stalked. Leaves elongated, nar- Capsules conical, obtuse, long-stalked. Leaves usually oval or 
rowly lanceolate, entire or subentire, glaucous below. Trees, obovate, sharply and obliquely acuminate. Small trees, large 
inhabitants of western Asia. shrubs, or undershrubs, inhabitants of both hemispheres. 
See. 3. Octandre. Aments densely flowered, abbreviated. 
Capsules subglobose. Leaves lanceolate, cuspidate, glaucous 
below. Trees and tall shrubs, inhabitants of northern and 
tropical regions, and of southern Africa, and Madagascar. 
Sec. 4. Humboldtiane. Aments elongated, rather sparsely 
flowered. Capsules conical, subrostrate. Leaves linear-lanceo- 
late, often more or less falcate, finely serrate, usually one- 
colored on both surfaces. Trees and tall shrubs, inhabitants 
of tropical and subtropical America. 
See. 5. Amygdaline (Koch, Sal. Europ. Comm. 17.— Kerner, 
Verhandl. Zo6l.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, x. 46 [ Niederésterr. Weiden]). 
Aments pedunculate on leafy branches. Capsules narrow, long- 
stalked. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, usually glaucous 
below. ‘Trees or tall shrubs, inhabitants of the northern hemi- 
sphere. 
Sec. 6. Pentandre. Aments pedunculate on leafy branches, 
their scales deciduous before the ripening of the fruit. Cap- 
sules more or less stalked. Leaves often long-cuspidate, sharply 
glandular-serrate, lustrous. Trees or shrubs, inhabitants of 
temperate regions in the northern hemisphere. 
Sec. 7. Fragiles. Aments pedunculate on leafy branches, 
their scales one-colored, caducous. Capsules subsessile or 
Sec. 10. Rosew. Aments pedunculate on leafy branches. 
Capsules usually long-stalked and glabrous. Leaves thin, ellip- 
tical or lanceolate, rosy while young, usually glaucescent at 
maturity. Low shrubs, inhabitants of boreal regions. 
Sec. 11. Argentew (Koch, 1. c.46 [Incubacee, Fries, Nov. Fl. 
Suec. Mant. i. 64. — Kerner, 1. c. 54]). Aments subsessile. Cap- 
sules more or less stalked. Leaves linear-lanceolate, elon- 
gated, usually silvery tomentose below. Shrubs, mostly small, 
inhabitants of temperate and boreal regions of the northern 
hemisphere. 
Sec. 12. Phylicifolie (Fries, 1. c. 48). Aments oval-cylin- 
drical, subsessile. Capsules more or less" stalked, usually 
silky. Leaves subobovate or ovate-lanceolate, glaucous below. 
Shrubs, usually tall, inhabitants of boreal, alpine, and arctic 
regions. 
Sec. 13. Rigide. Aments more or less coetaneous with the 
appearance of the leaves, their scales yellow, and darker and 
bearded at the apex. Leaves elliptical or lanceolate, usually 
short-pointed, sharply serrate, pale on the lower surface. 
Trees and large and small shrubs, inhabitants of temperate 
and boreal regions of the northern hemisphere. 
Sec. 14. Pruinose (Koch, l. c. 22. — Kerner, /.c. 51). Aments 
