142 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. SALICACE®. 
Columbia,’ southward through the Rocky Mountain region to northern New Mexico and Arizona,” and 
along the California Sierra Nevada to the San Bernardino Mountains, upon which it grows as a low 
shrub at elevations of from seven to ten thousand feet above the level of the sea. 
The wood of Salix Nuttallii is light, soft, and close-grained, but not strong; it is ight brown 
tinged with red, with thick nearly white sapwood, and contains numerous obscure medullary rays. The 
specific gravity of the absolutely dry wood is 0.4969, a cubic foot weighing 30.97 pounds. 
In the Pacific coast region Salix Nuttallii is represented by the variety brachystachys,* which is 
distributed from Alaska to the vicinity of Santa Barbara, California, and is sometimes a tree sixty or 
seventy feet in height, with a tall trunk often two feet and a half in diameter, or frequently a shrub 
with stems not more than two or three feet in height. The bark is about a quarter of an inch in 
thickness, light gray, slightly fissured, and irregularly divided into thin plate-like scales which in fallmg 
disclose the dark red inner bark. The branchlets are stout, ight yellow and pubescent at first, and in 
their second season dark reddish brown and usually glabrous. The buds are coated with pale pubes- 
cence, and are about a quarter of an inch in length. The leaves are obovate, rounded or acute at the 
apex, about an inch and a half long and nearly an inch wide, or on large trees often three or four 
inches long and an inch and a half wide; on vigorous shoots they are sometimes oblong-obovate, 
coarsely crenately serrate, hoary-pubescent below, from four to six inches in length and from an inch 
and a half to two inches in breadth, with large foliaceous semilunar dentate stipules silvery white and 
pubescent on the lower surface. The pistillate aments are rather shorter than those of the mountain 
tree and often curved. 
Salix Nuttallii, var. brachystachys, is the most abundant Willow in western Washington and 
Oregon, attaining its greatest size in swamps and on the bottom-lands of rivers near the shores of 
Puget Sound ; it is less common in the California coast region, where it usually grows on hillsides near 
springs, and is rarely more than twenty feet in height, with a contorted stem and bushy head, and 
sometimes in the neighborhood of Monterey in dry sandy soil under the shade of Pine-trees as a shrub 
only a few feet high. 
The wood of Salia Nuttallit, var. brachystachys, is light, hard, strong, tough, and close-grained ; 
it is light red-brown, with thick brown sapwood, and contains numerous obscure medullary rays. The 
specific gravity of the absolutely dry wood is 0.5412, a cubie foot weighing 33.73 pounds. 
1 Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 448. 
? In September, 1894, Salix Nuttallii was found by J. W. Toumey 
and C. S. Sargent on the northern slopes of the San Francisco 
Mountain, at an elevation of 8,000 feet above the sea, growing as 
Salix brachystachys, subspec. Scouleriana, Andersson, Svensk. 
Vetensk. Akad. Handl. l. c. 83 (1867) ; De Candolle Prodr. l. c. 224. 
Salix brachystachys, subspec. Scouleriana tenuijulis, Andersson, 
Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 1. c. (1867) ; De Candolle Prodr. 
l. c. 225. 
Salix brachystachys, 8 Scouleriana crassijulis, Andersson, De 
a large shrub. 
3S. B. Parish, Zoé, iv. 347. 
* Salix Nuttallii, var. brachystachys. 
Salix brachystachys, Bentham, Pl. Hartweg. 336 (1857). — An- 
dersson, Ofvers. Vetensk. Akad. Férhandl. xv. 121 (Bidr. Nordam. 
Pilarter) ; Proc. Am. Acad. iv. 60 ; Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 
ser. 4, vi. 82, t. 5, f. 48 (Monographia Salicum) ; De Candolle 
Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 224. 
Salix Scouleriana, Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 145 (in part) 
(1839). — Cooper, Pacific R. R. Rep. xii. pt. ii. 29. 
Saliz capreoides, Andersson, Ofvers Vetensk. Akad. Foérhandl. 
I. c. 120 (1858) ; Proc. Am. Acad. l. c. 
Candolle Prodr. l. c. (1868). 
Salix flavescens, Bebb, Brewer § Watson Bot. Cal. ii. 86 (in 
part) (1880). — Coville, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. iv. 198 (Bot. 
Death Valley Exped.). 
Salix flavescens, var. Scouleriana, Bebb, Bot. Gazette, vii. 129 
(1882).— Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 
170. — Macoun, l. c. — Holzinger, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. iii. 251. 
Salix flavescens, var. capreoides, Bebb, Garden and Forest, viii. 
373 (1895). 
Salix Nuttallii, var. capreoides, Sargent, Garden and Forest, 
viii. 463 (1895). 
