SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 145 
SALICACEA, 
SALIX PIPERI. 
Willow. 
Leaves elliptical-oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate, dark green on the upper surface, 
glaucous on the lower. 
Salix Piperi, Bebb, Garden and Forest, viii. 482 (1895). 
A shrub, with several stems rising from the ground to the height of eighteen or twenty feet, 
usually free of branches except near the top, four or five inches in diameter, and covered with smooth 
light brown bark. The branchlets are stout, glabrous, dark red-brown, very lustrous, and marked with 
scattered light orange-colored lenticels. The buds spread slightly from the stem above the middle, and 
are ovate, rounded at the flattened and somewhat incurved apex, full and rounded on the anterior side 
and flattened or slightly rounded on the posterior, compressed along the margins into narrow wings, 
dark or light chestnut-brown, lustrous, and often a third of an inch in length. The leaves are condupli- 
cate in the bud, elliptical-oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate, gradually narrowed and rounded or wedge- 
shaped at the base, acuminate with short broad and often oblique points or acute or rarely rounded at 
the apex, which is tipped with a minute gland, and coarsely crenate with small spreading glandular 
teeth, or entire with slightly undulate margins; when they unfold they are pilose above and coated 
below with pale caducous pubescence, and at maturity they are thin and firm in texture, glabrous, dark 
green and lustrous on the upper surface and silvery white on the lower, from four to seven inches long 
and from an inch and a half to two inches wide, with stout dark orange-colored midribs, prominent 
primary veins arcuate and united near the margins and connected by conspicuous reticulate veinlets, 
and slender slightly grooved glabrous or puberulous petioles from one half to three quarters of an inch 
in length ; the leaves of the first pair are oblong-obovate, rounded above, gradually narrowed below, and 
coated with thick pale or rusty tomentum, and fall when less than an inch long. The stipules are 
foliaceous, reniform, silvery white on the lower surface, at least a quarter of an inch in length, and 
caducous, or often wanting. The aments are terminal and oblong-cylindrical, and appear with or just 
before the foliage ; those of the staminate plant are nearly sessile, furnished at the base with two or 
three scale-like bracts coated with long silky white hairs, from an inch to an inch and a half long, two 
thirds of an inch thick, silvery white before the appearance of the stamens, and nearly twice as thick as 
those of the pistillate plant, which are raised on short branches covered, like the under surface of their 
small leaves, with hoary tomentum; the scales are oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex or nearly 
orbicular, dark-colored, and coated with long straight slender lustrous hairs which are longer and more 
brilliant on those of the staminate ament. The stamens are two in number, with slender glabrous 
filaments free or often united nearly to the middle. The ovary is oblong-lanceolate, rather abruptly 
narrowed above the middle, glabrous, raised on a slender stalk nearly as long as the scale, and 
surmounted by an elongated slender orange-colored style and erect entire stigmas. 
Salix Pipert has been distinguished only in western Washington, where it was discovered in 
April, 1889, by Professor C. V. Piper. 
1 Charles Vancouver Piper was born in Victoria, British Colum- 
bia, on June 16, 1867, and in 1874 moved to Seattle, Washington, 
where he was educated in the grammar and high schools, and in 
plored nearly all parts of the state of Washington and made large 
collections of plants and insects. In 1892 he was appointed to the 
chair of botany and zodélogy in the Washington Agricultural Col- 
the State University of Washington, from which he was graduated 
in 1881. Botany and entomology had been his favorite studies from 
childhood, and before and after he left college Mr. Piper had ex- 
lege and School of Science, and was made botanist and entomolo- 
gist of the State Agricultural Experiment Station at Pullman. 
