SALICACEZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 183 
POPULUS FREMONTII. 
Cottonwood. 
Leaves deltoid or reniform, usually short-pointed at the apex, coarsely and irregu- 
larly crenately serrate, their petioles laterally compressed. 
Populus Fremontii, Watson, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 350 
(1875); Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 3, xv. 136.— Brewer & 17. — Coville, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. iv. 200 (Bot. 
Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 92.—Sargent, Forest Trees N. Death Valley Exped.). 
Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 175. — Dippel, Handb. Laub- Populus Canadensis, Wesmael, De Candolle Prodr. xvi. 
holzk. ii. 201, £. 96. — Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 82. — pt. ii. 329 (in part) (not Moench) (1868); Mém. Soc. 
pt. ili. 89. — Watson, King’s Rep. v. 327; Pl. Wheeler, 
Coulter, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. ii. 420 (Man. Pl. W. 
Texas).— Coville, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. iv. 200 
(Bot. Death Valley Exped.).— Greene, Man. Bot. Bay 
Kegion, 301. 
Sci. Hainaut, sér. 3, iii. 242 (Monogr. Pop.) (in part). 
Populus Fremontii, var. (?) Wislizeni, Watson, Am. 
Jour. Sci. ser. 3, xv. 136 (1878); Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. 
157.— Brewer & Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 92. — Rusby, 
Populus monilifera, Torrey, Sitgreaves’ Rep. 172 (not 
Aiton) (1853) ; Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 204; Ives’ Rep. 
27; Bot. Wilkes Explor. Exped. 468. — Bigelow, Pacific 
R. R. Rep. iv. 21.— Newberry, Pacific R. R. Rep. vi. 
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, ix. 79. — Coulter, Contrib. U. 8S. 
Nat. Herb. ii. 420 (Man. Pl. W. Texas). — 8S. B. Parish, 
Zoé, iv. 348. 
A tree, occasionally a hundred feet in height, with a short trunk five or six feet in diameter, and 
stout spreading branches pendulous at the extremities and forming a broad rather open graceful head. 
The bark on the trunks of old trees is from an inch and a half to two inches in thickness, dark 
brown slightly tinged with red, and deeply and irregularly divided into broad connected rounded ridges 
covered with small closely appressed scales which in falling display the bright red inner bark ; on young 
stems it is hght gray-brown, much thinner, and smooth or only slightly fissured. The branchlets are 
terete and slender, and when they first appear are light green and covered with short pale caducous 
pubescence; they become light yellow before winter, and in their second year are dark or light gray 
more or less tinged with yellow, and but slightly roughened by the small three-lobed leaf-scars. The 
buds are ovate, acute, and covered with light green lustrous scales, the terminal bud being about a third 
of an inch in length and usually two or three times as large as the lateral buds, which are much 
flattened by pressure against the stem. The leaves are deltoid or reniform, generally contracted into 
broad short entire points or rarely rounded or emarginate at the apex, truncate, slightly cordate or 
abruptly wedge-shaped at the wide entire base, and coarsely and irregularly crenately serrate with 
few or many incurved gland-tipped teeth; when they unfold they are coated, like the petioles, with 
short spreading pale caducous pubescence, and at maturity are thick and firm in texture, bright 
green and lustrous, from two to two and a half inches long and from two and a half to three inches 
wide, with thin yellow midribs raised and rounded on the upper side and four or five pairs of slender 
veins spreading at slightly oblique angles, forked at some distance from the rather thickened and 
revolute margins, and connected by obscure reticulate veinlets; they are borne on flattened yellow 
petioles from an inch and a half to three inches in length, and turn a clear or dull yellow in the autumn 
before falling. The flower aments appear in February or March; on the staminate tree they are 
densely flowered, from one and a half to two inches long and nearly half an inch broad, with slender 
glabrous stems, and on the pistillate tree they are sparsely flowered, and about two inches in length 
when the flowers open, with stouter glabrous or puberulous stems, the staminate and pistillate aments 
occasionally appearing together on the same branch ; their scales are light brown, thin and scarious, 
dilated, and irregularly cut into filiform lobes at the apex, and caducous. The stamens, with large dark 
