LILIACER. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 7) 
YUCCA TRECULEANA. 
Spanish Bayonet. Spanish Dagger. 
LEAVES concave, blue-green, rough on the lower surface. 
Yucca Treculeana, Carritre, Rev. Hort. 1858, 580 ; 1869, Yucca aspera, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1858, 24; 
406, f. 82.— Baker, Gard. Chron. 1870, 828; Jour. Gartenflora, viii. 35. 
Linn. Soc. xviii. 226. — Engelmann, Trans. St. Lowis Yucca canaliculata, Hooker, Bot. Mag. Ixxxvi. t. 5201 
Acad. iii. 41, 210, 212. — Hemsley, The Garden, viii. 131, (1860). — Baker, Gard. Chron. 1870, 1217. — Engel- 
f.; xii. 328, t.; Bot. Biol. Am. Cent. iii. 371. — André, mann, Trans. St. Lowis Acad. iii. 43. — Watson, Proc. 
Rev. Hort. 1887, 369, f. 74.— Trelease, Rep. Missouri Am. Acad. xiv. 252.— Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 
Bot. Gard. iii. 162, t. 47; iv. 185, t. 18, £. 4, 5. — Coulter, 10th Census U. S. ix. 218. 
Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. ii. 486 (Man. Pl. W. Texas). Yucca longifolia, Buckley, Proc. Phil. Acad. 1862, 8. 
A tree, occasionally twenty-five or thirty feet in height, with a trunk sometimes two feet in 
diameter, and numerous stout wide-spreading branches, but usually smaller, and often forming broad 
low thickets of simple stems four or five feet high. The bark of old trunks is from one fourth to 
one half of an inch in thickness, dark red-brown, and broken into thick oblong plates covered with 
small irregular rather closely appressed scales. The leaves are lanceolate, slightly or not at all 
contracted above the broad dark red lustrous base, concave, and tipped with short stout dark red-brown 
spines, their margins being at first dark brown, with a pale cartilaginous edge roughened by minute 
deciduous teeth, and ultimately separating into slender dark fibres; they vary from two and a half to 
four feet in length, and from two to three and a quarter inches in width, and are stiff and rigid, dark 
blue-green, rough on the lower surface and nearly smooth on the upper, and do not fall for many years, 
the dead leaves hanging closely pressed against the trunk below the terminal crown of closely imbricated 
upright living leaves. The flowers appear in March and April, and are borne on slender pedicels from 
half an inch to an inch and a half in length, in a dense many-flowered much-branched glabrous or 
puberulous panicle from two to four feet long, and raised on a short stalk from one to two inches in 
diameter; the bracts are ovate-oblong, gradually or abruptly contracted toward the apex, which is 
tipped with a long rigid brown spine, concave, white, and leathery, five or six inches long, from one 
to three inches wide, and often green above the middle, especially those at the very base of the 
inflorescence; on its ultimate divisions they are thinner, and flushed with purple above the middle, 
ovate-lanceolate, and about an inch long and a quarter of an inch wide, with stout soft points. The 
perigone when fully expanded varies from two to four inches across, and is from one to two inches in 
length ; its narrow elongated segments are ovate-lanceolate or rarely ovate, about a quarter of an inch 
wide, thin and delicate, acute, and furnished at the apex with conspicuous tufts of short pale hairs. 
The filaments are slightly papillose, and about as long as the prismatic ovary, which is gradually 
narrowed above, and crowned by the deeply divided stigmatic lobes. The fruit, which ripens in the 
summer, is indehiscent, cylindrical, or obscurely hexagonal, somewhat sulcate or three-lobed, and 
abruptly narrowed at the apex into a short stout point; it is from three to four inches long, and about 
an inch thick, and is borne on a stout recurved stalk from an inch and a half to two inches in length ; 
the outer coat is dark reddish brown, thin, and succulent, with a sweet, although slightly bitter, rather 
agreeable flavor, and easily separates from the thin light brown membranaceous inner coat. The seeds 
are about an eighth of an inch broad, and nearly a sixteenth of an inch thick, with slightly winged rims.! 
1 No observations have been made on the pollination of Yucca undescribed species of Pronuba. (See Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. iii. 
Treculeana. Cultivated plants are habitually sterile ; and Professor 122; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vii. 96 ; Insect Life, iv. 371.) 
Riley believed that the flowers were fertilized by a distinct and 
