86 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. CONIFER. &. 
on the Mexican highlands to a height of fifty feet, and forming a trunk frequently three or four feet in 
diameter. Flourishing with the greatest luxuriance in rich well-watered cajions, it thrives also on high 
dry elevated slopes and rocky ledges, ranging through nearly five thousand feet of elevation on the 
cordilleras of Chihuahua.’ 
The wood of Juniperus pachyphlea is light, soft, not strong, brittle, and close-grained ; it 
contains numerous obscure medullary rays and inconspicuous thin bands of small summer-cells, and is 
clear light red often streaked with yellow, with thin nearly white sapwood. The specific gravity of the 
absolutely dry wood is 0.5829, a cubic foot weighing 36.32 pounds.’ 
The fruit is gathered and eaten by Indians.’ 
Juniperus pachyphlea was discovered in August, 1851, on the Zuni Mountains of eastern New 
Mexico by Dr. 8S. W. Woodhouse,’ the surgeon and naturalist of Captain Sitgreaves’ expedition down 
the Zuni and Colorado Rivers.° 
The open shapely head, the cheerful color, and massive trunk of Juniperus pachyphlea covered 
with thick checkered bark unlike that of any other Juniper, make it the most beautiful of the species 
of western America, and a handsome and always an interesting object in the elevated mountain cafions 
which are its home. . 
Juniperus pachyphlea is occasionally cultivated in the gardens of Kurope.° 
1 Pringle, Garden and Forest, 1. 441. over by Sitgreaves’ expedition (Sitgreaves’ Rep. 35). On page 
2 The log specimen of Juniperus pachyphiea in the Jesup Collec- 173 of the same report Torrey describes the tree briefly, without 
tion of North American Woods in the American Museum of Natu- giving it a name, and plate 16 of the volume is devoted to a por- 
ral History in New York is seventeen and three quarters inches in trait of one of the trees which, on the plate, is called Juniperus 
diameter inside the bark, and shows two hundred and forty-eight plochyderma. 
layers of annual growth, thirty-four of which are of sapwood. 6 Veitch, Man. Conif. 289. 
8 Palmer, Am. Nat. xii. 593. In England Juniperus pachyphlea appears to be sometimes culti- 
4 See viii. 88. vated as Juniperus pendula. (See Masters, Jour. R. Hort. Soc. xiv. 
5 The first mention of Juniperus pachyphlea appears in Dr. 214.) 
Woodhouse’s report of the natural history of the country passed 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE. 
PuatE DXX. JUNIPERUS PACHYPHLAA. 
. A flowering branch of the staminate tree, natural size. 
A staminate flower, enlarged. 
A stamen, front view, enlarged. 
. A flowering branch of the pistillate tree, natural size. 
. A pistillate flower, enlarged. 
A fruiting branch, natural size. 
A fruit with protruding seeds, enlarged. 
. A fruit divided transversely, enlarged. 
WON DTP wd 
. A seed, enlarged. 
fa 
So 
. Vertical section of a seed,. enlarged. 
—_ 
fae 
. An embryo, enlarged. 
= 
bo 
. End of a branchlet, enlarged. 
= 
ies) 
. End of a leaf, enlarged. 
