CONIFERA, 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 111 
CUPRESSUS THYOIDES. 
White Cedar. 
BRANCHLETS slender, compressed. Leaves dark blue-green, often conspicuously 
glandular. 
Cupressus thyoides, Linnzns, Spec. 1003 (1753). — Mil- 
ler, Dict. ed. 8, No. 5. — Muenchhausen, Hausv. v. 148. — 
Du Roi, Harbdk. Baume. ii. 198. —Wangenheim, Beschreib. 
Nordam. Holz. 45; Nordam. Holz. 8, t. 2, £. 4. — Mar- 
Nordlinger, Forstbot. 459. — Veitch, Man. Conif. 238. — 
Lauche, Deutsche Dendr. ed. 2, 63.— Masters, Jour. R. 
Hort. Soc. xiv. 208; Jour Linn. Soc. xxxi. 352. — 
Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 150. 
shall, Arbust. Am. 39.— Moench, Baume Weiss. 33. — Cupressus palustris, Salisbury, Prodr. 398 (1796). 
Lamarck, Dict. ii. 243.—Schoepf, Mat. Med. Amer. Thuya spheroidea, Sprengel, Syst. iii. 889 (1826). 
144. —Castiglioni, Viag. negli Stati Uniti, ii. 228.— Thuya spheeroidalis, Richard, Comm. Bot. Conif. 45, t. 8, 
Willdenow, Berl. Bawmz. 92; Spec. iv. pt. i. 512; Enum. 
991. — Borkhausen, Handb. Forstbot. i. 461. — Michaux, 
f. 2 (1826). 
Chameecyparis sphzroidea, Spach, Hist. Vég. xi. 331 
Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 208. — Schkuhr, Handb. iii. 286, t. 310. — 
Nouveau Duhamel, iii. 6, t. 2.— Persoon, Syn. ii. 580. — 
Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 567. —Du Mont de Courset, 
Bot. Cult. ed. 2, yi. 448. — Michaux, Hist. Arb. Am. iii. 
20, t. 2.— Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii. 646. — Nuttall, Gen. 
ii. 224. — Hayne, Dendr. Fl. 178. — Elliott, Sk. ii. 644. — 
Watson, Dendr. Brit. ii. 156, t. 156. — Forbes, Pinetum 
Woburn. 183. — Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 165. — Bigelow, 
(1842). —Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 61.— Lindley & Gor- 
don, Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 207. — Knight, Syn. Conif. 
20. — Carritre, Traité Conif. 133. — Gordon, Pinetum, 
49.— Henkel & Hochstetter, Syn. Nadelh. 248.— (Nel- 
son) Senilis, Pinacee, 69. — Parlatore, De Candolle Prodr. 
xvi. pt. i. 464. — Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Cen- 
sus U. S. ix. 177. — Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 
6, 493. — Mayr, Wald. Nordam. 193, t. 6, £., t. 8, £. — 
£1. Boston. ed. 3, 387. — Torrey, Fl. N. Y.ii. 233. — Em- Beissner, Handb. Nadelh. 65, f. 12-15. — Hansen, Jour. 
erson, Z'rees Mass. 98; ed. 2, i. 114. — Richardson, Arc- h. Hort. Soc. xiv. 281 (Pinetum Danicum). 
tic Searching Exped. ii. 318. — Chapman, Fl. 435.—Cur- Chameecyparis thyoides, Britton, Cat. Pl. New Jersey, 299 
tis, Rep. Geolog. Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 28. — Hoopes, (1889). — Sudworth, Rep. U. S. Dept. Agric. 1892, 328. 
Lvergreens, 346, f. 55. — K. Koch, Dendr. ii. pt. ii. 162. -— 
A fragrant tree, seventy or eighty feet in height, with a tall trunk usually about two, but 
occasionally three or four feet in diameter, slender horizontal branches which form a narrow spire-like 
head, graceful distichous branchlets disposed in an open flat fan-shaped more or less deciduous spray, 
bright red-brown roots, and long thin brittle rootlets. The bark of the trunk is from three quarters of 
an inch to nearly an inch in thickness, light reddish brown, and divided irregularly into narrow flat 
connected ridges which are often spirally twisted round the stem, and separate into elongated loose or 
closely appressed plate-like fibrous scales. The branchlets are compressed during the first season, and 
then gradually become terete ; they are slender, light green tinged with red when they first appear, light 
reddish brown during the first winter and then dark brown, their thin close bark beginning to separate 
slightly at the end of three or four years into small papery scales. The leaves are ovate, acuminate 
with slender callous tips, and closely appressed or spreading at the apex, especially on vigorous leading 
shoots, on which they are often remote; they are keeled and eglandular or conspicuously glandular- 
punctate on the back, dark dull blue-green, becoming at the north rusty brown during the winter when 
exposed to the sun, and from one sixteenth to one eighth of an inch in length; dying and turning a 
bright red-brown on leading shoots during their second season, they remain for many years on the 
branches ; on seedling plants the leaves are linear-lanceolate, acuminate, light green above, marked 
below on each side of the prominent midrib with pale stomatiferous bands, and about a quarter of an inch 
long. The flowers appear in very early spring. The staminate flowers are oblong, four-sided, and about 
an eighth of an inch long, with five or six pairs of stamens, their connectives being ovate, rounded at 
