SAPINDACE, SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 3 
JESCULUS AUSTRINA. 
Buckeye. 
PETALS shorter than the stamens. Leaves 5-foliolate. Seeds pale yellow-brown. 
4@sculus austrina, Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxviii. Adsculus octandra, var. hybrida, Sargent, Silva N. Am. 
359 (1901). ii. 60 (in part) (1891).— Robinson, Gray Syn. Fl. N. 
4Msculus Pavia, 8 discolor, Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. Am. i. pt. i. 447 (in part). 
i. 252 (in part) (not #sculus discolor, Pursh) (1838). 
A tree, occasionally twenty-five or thirty feet in height, with a straight trunk five or six inches in 
diameter covered with pale smooth bark, and rather stout branches forming a narrow symmetrical head ; 
or often shrubby. The branchlets, which are unusually slender for those of a Horsechestnut, are marked 
by numerous small pale lenticels, and when they first unfold are green and puberulous, becoming gray 
shghtly tinged with red during their first winter and only slightly darker in their second year. The 
winter-buds are broadly ovate, obtusely pointed, and about a quarter of an inch in length, with ovate 
rounded apiculate light red-brown outer scales. The leaves are generally composed of five leaflets,’ and 
are borne on slender grooved villose or pubescent usually ultimately glabrous petioles from three to 
five inches long. The leaflets are oblong-obovate or elliptical, acuminate at the apex, gradually 
narrowed from near the middle and acute at the entire base, finely or coarsely and sometimes doubly 
crenulate-serrate above, dark green, lustrous, and glabrous, except along the slender yellow midribs 
and veins, on the upper surface, lighter colored and coated on the lower surface, early in the season at 
least, with soft pale pubescence, nearly sessile or petiolulate, from four to five inches long and from an 
inch and a half to two inches wide. The flowers appear in southern Arkansas from the first to the 
middle of April,’ and are usually from three quarters of an inch to an inch in length, and bright red; 
they are borne on slender pubescent pedicels which become much thickened on the fruit and are 
sometimes a quarter of an inch long, and are mostly aggregated toward the ends of the short branches 
of the narrow pubescent inflorescence which varies from six to eight inches in length. The calyx is 
tubular, short and broad or elongated, puberulous on the outer surface and tomentose on the inner 
surface, with rounded lobes. The petals are connivent, unequal, oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, 
puberulous on the outer surface, and glandular, with minute dark glands, those of the superior pair being 
about half as wide as those of the lateral pair, with claws much longer than the calyx. The filaments, 
which are longer than the petals, and the ovary are villose. The fruit ripens and falls in October, and 
is borne on the much elongated thickened and now drooping rachis of the inflorescence, usually only a 
few fruits maturing. These are usually pear-shaped or occasionally subglobose, mostly two-seeded, and 
generally from an inch and a half to two inches and a half in length, with very thin pale brown slightly 
pitted valves. The seeds are sometimes an inch and a half in diameter, hight yellow-brown, with a 
small hilum and a thin testa.® 
1 On a specimen of Asculus collected by B. F. Bush at Columbia, western Texas, with which Zsculus austrina is now provisionally 
Texas, April 5, 1901 (No. 48), which should probably be referred united. 
to this species, the leaves all have six or seven leaflets. 8 It is with considerable hesitation and without having seen the 
2 At Fulton, Arkansas, where this red-flowered Horsechestnut is type of sculus austrina that I adopt this name for a common 
in bloom from the first to the middle of April, I found on the 23d Horsechestnut of the trans-Mississippi region, for too little is still 
of April, 1891, Horsechestnut-trees with leaves just beginning to known about it and about some other peculiar forms of Hsculus of 
unfold and minute flower-buds. The under surface of the leaflets the same region, especially those of eastern Texas, where fruit has 
of these trees was coated with thick silvery white tomentum similar not yet been collected. /Esculus austrina approaches on the one 
to that found on the young leaflets of the shrubby Horsechestnut of hand sculus octandra, var. hybrida, with which it has previously 
