ROSACEZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 41 
CRATAIGUS CANBYI. 
Haw. 
STAMENS usually 10; anthers rose color. Leaves oblong or oval to ovate, usually 
acute, coriaceous. 
Crategus Canbyi, Sargent, Bot. Gazette, xxxi. 3 (1901). 
A bushy glabrous or rarely slightly villose* tree, sometimes twenty feet in height, with a trunk 
from twelve to eighteen inches in diameter covered with thin dark brown bark broken into small closely 
appressed scales, and heavy ascending and wide-spreading branches which form a broad open irregular 
head occasionally from thirty to thirty-five feet across. The branchlets are stout, elongated, slightly 
zigzag, marked by numerous pale conspicuous lenticels, and sparingly armed with thick usually straight 
chestnut-brown spines from three quarters of an inch to an inch and a half in length. The leaves are 
oblong-ovate to ovate or rarely obovate, acute or rarely rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed, cuneate 
and entire at the base, and coarsely and doubly serrate above the middle, with glandular incurved 
teeth; they are thin but coriaceous at maturity, dark green and very lustrous above, pale and dull 
below, from two inches to two inches and a half long and from an inch to an inch and a half wide, 
with thick pale midribs and four or five pairs of remote primary veins impressed on the upper 
surface and raised and conspicuous on the lower surface ; they are borne on stout petioles which are 
more or less winged above, grooved on the upper side, glandular, with scattered dark red persistent 
glands, red below the middle and from one half to three quarters of an inch in length. The stipules 
are oblong-obovate to linear-lanceolate, glandular-serrate, and generally about half an inch long. On 
vigorous leading shoots the leaves are often deeply and irregularly divided into broad acute lobes and 
are frequently three or four inches long and two inches wide. The flowers, which are five eighths of 
en inch in diameter and open about the middle of May, are produced in broad loose many-flowered 
long-branched compound corymbs, with linear finely glandular-serrate caducous bracts and bractlets. 
The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic and the lobes are entire, or serrate, with minute scattered glandular 
teeth, and mostly reflexed after the flowers open. There are usually ten but occasionally twelve or 
thirteen stamens with slender elongated filaments and small rose-colored anthers, and from three to five 
styles. The fruit ripens during the month of October but does not fall until after the beginning of 
winter; it hangs on elongated slender stems, in loose many-fruited drooping clusters, and is oblong to 
subglobose, full and rounded at the ends, with distinct depressions at the insertion of the stalks, lustrous, 
dark crimson, marked by occasional large pale lenticels, and from one half to five eighths of an inch in 
length ; the calyx-cavity is deep but narrow, and the lobes are nearly entire, reflexed and closely 
appressed, and often deciduous before the fruit ripens; the flesh is thick, bright red, and very juicy. 
The nutlets vary from three to five in number and are prominently ridged, with broad rounded ridges, 
bright chestnut-brown, and about a quarter of an inch long. 
Crategus Canbyi grows in hedges and thickets in the neighborhood of Wilmington, Delaware, 
where it was first noticed in October, 1898, by Mr. William M. Canby ;* and on the shores of Chesapeake 
1 Specimens of a plant collected by Mr. Alexander MacElwee on 2 William Marriott Canby (March 17, 1831) was born in Phila- 
the shores of Chesapeake Bay at Perryville in Cecil County, Mary- delphia, and was the son of a merchant of that city but a native of 
land, in May, 1899, which is not otherwise distinguishable from Wilmington, Delaware, where his family had lived since 1742. In 
Crategus Canbyi, have a few hairs scattered along the upper side that year it moved to Wilmington from Bristol, Pennsylvania, 
of the midribs and slightly villose corymbs. where the first of the family to come to America, a native of 
