ROSACEZ:. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 89 
CRATAiGUS CANADENSIS. 
Haw. 
STAMENS 20; anthers white. Leaves ovate, cuneate at the base. 
Crategus Canadensis, Sargent, Rhodora, iii. 73 (1901). 
A tree, eighteen or twenty feet in height, with a trunk six or eight inches in diameter covered 
with pale gray-brown scaly bark, and stout spreading branches which form a broad round-topped 
symmetrical head. The branchlets are slender, conspicuously zigzag, marked by large oblong pale 
lenticels, and armed with numerous stout straight or slightly curved dark chestnut-brown shining spines 
which vary from two inches to two inches and a half in length ; dark green and covered with matted 
pale hairs when they first appear, they become light orange-brown and very lustrous during their first 
season, and turn ashy gray in their third year. The leaves are ovate, short-pointed at the apex, 
broadly cuneate or, on leading shoots, truncate at the base, slightly lobed usually only above the middle, 
with short broad acute lobes, and coarsely and frequently doubly serrate often nearly to the base, with 
spreading glandular teeth ; in early spring they are coated above with soft white hairs and below with 
dense hoary tomentum, and at maturity they are thin but firm in texture, blue-green and glabrous or 
scabrous on the upper surface, pale and pubescent on the lower surface, particularly along the slender 
midribs and primary veins, from two inches to two inches and a half in length and from an inch and a 
half to nearly three inches in width; they are borne on slender grooved glandular petioles which are 
often more or less winged above, tomentose at first but ultimately nearly glabrous, and from three 
quarters of an inch to an inch long. The stipules are linear, finely glandular-serrate, from one half 
to three quarters of an inch in length, and caducous. The flowers, which open at the end of May and 
are about three quarters of an inch in diameter, are borne in broad loose compact thin-branched 
tomentose corymbs, with linear-lanceolate glandular-serrate bracts and bractlets which become dark red 
in fading. The calyx-tube is broadly obconic and villose, with long matted white hairs, and the lobes 
are lanceolate, glandular, with large red stipitate glands, villose on both surfaces, and reflexed after the 
flowers open. There are twenty stamens with small nearly white anthers, and five styles which are 
surrounded at the base by a thin ring of pale tomentum. The fruit ripens early in October and, falling 
gradually, does not entirely disappear until after midwinter ; it is borne in erect thick-stemmed slightly 
villose clusters, and is short-oblong or subglobose, crimson, lustrous, marked by large scattered pale 
dots, slightly villose toward the ends, from one half to five eighths of an inch long and from one 
third to one half of an inch wide; the calyx-tube is prominent, with a broad deep cavity, and the 
lobes, which are gradually narrowed from broad bases, are elongated, glandular, villose, spreading or 
reflexed, and often deciduous before the fruit ripens; the flesh is thin, pale yellow, dry, and mealy. 
The five nutlets are thin, rounded, and irregularly ridged on the back, and about a quarter of an inch 
in length. 
Crategus Canadensis inhabits limestone ridges near the St. Lawrence River at Chateaugay, 
Caughnawaga, and La Tortue, in the Province of Quebec, where it was found in October, 1899, by Mr. 
J. G. Jack. 
