ROSACEA. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 93 
CRATAiGUS TEXANA. 
Scarlet Haw. 
STAMENS 20; anthers dark red. Leaves broadly ovate, cuneate at the base. 
Crategus Texana, Buckley, Proc. Phil. Acad. 1861, Cratzgus mollis, Gray, Proc. Phil. Acad. 1862, 163 (not 
454. — Sargent, Bot. Gazette, xxxi. 225. Scheele). — Sargent, Silva N. Am. iv. 99 (in part). 
A tree, often thirty feet in height, with a tall trunk sometimes a foot in diameter covered with 
dark closely appressed scales, and thick branches which ascending while the tree is young form an open 
irregular crown and spread in old age into a broad symmetrical round-topped head. The branchlets 
are slender, slightly zigzag, marked by large oblong pale lenticels, and armed with occasional thin nearly 
straight bright chestnut-brown lustrous spines usually about two inches in length, or often unarmed ; 
dark bronze green and villose when they first appear, they soon become dull reddish brown, and, 
growing lighter-colored in their second season, are ultimately pale ashy gray. The leaves are broadly 
ovate, acute or rarely rounded at the apex, broadly concave-cuneate or on leading shoots sometimes 
truncate or slightly cordate at the entire base, coarsely and doubly glandular-serrate, and usually divided 
above the middle into four or five pairs of wide acute lobes ; when they unfold they are covered above 
with short soft pale hairs, and below with a thick coat of hoary tomentum, and are more than half 
grown when the flowers open late in March; at maturity they are from three to four inches long 
and from two and a half to three inches wide, thick and firm in texture, dark green and lustrous 
on the upper surface, pale and pubescent or tomentose on the lower surface, particularly along the 
stout light-colored midribs and primary veins and on the prominent secondary veins and reticulate 
veinlets ; they are borne on stout deeply grooved petioles which are more or less winged above, at first 
tomentose but ultimately nearly glabrous, and from one half to three quarters of an inch in length. 
The stipules are lunate, apiculate, often stalked, coarsely serrate, and from an inch and a quarter to an 
inch and a half in length. The flowers are three quarters of an inch in diameter, and are produced 
on elongated slender pedicels, in broad open many-flowered compound tomentose corymbs, with oblong 
or oblong-obovate broad acute villose conspicuous bracts and bractlets often half an inch long. The 
calyx-tube is broadly obconic and coated with pale tomentum, and the lobes are foliaceous, gradually 
narrowed from broad bases, acuminate, coarsely glandular-serrate, villose, with long matted pale hairs, 
and reflexed after the flowers open. There are twenty stamens with large dark red anthers, and five 
styles surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. The fruit ripens toward the end of 
October, and is borne in drooping many-fruited tomentose ultimately glabrous clusters; pear-shaped 
and tomentose until nearly grown, when fully ripe it is short-oblong or slightly obovate, rounded at 
the ends, bright scarlet, marked by occasional large pale dots, puberulous toward the apex, and from 
three quarters of an inch to an inch in length, with a broad deep calyx-cavity and much enlarged 
glandular-serrate usually erect lobes dark red at the base on the upper side, and often deciduous before 
the ripening of the fruit; the flesh is thick, yellow, sweet, and edible. The five nutlets are thick, 
slightly grooved on the back, and from one quarter to one third of an inch in length. 
Crategus Tecana inhabits rich bottom-lands in central and western Texas, where it was first 
distinguished by Mr. 8S. B. Buckley.’ 
1 See iii. 3. 
