ROSACEZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 101 
CRATAIGUS SUBMOLLIS. 
Red Haw. 
STAMENS 10; anthers pale yellow. Leaves ovate, acute, membranaceous, dark 
yellow-green. 
Crategus submollis, Sargent, Bot. Gazette, xxxi.7 (1901). Cratzegus mollis, Sargent, Silva N. Am. iv. 99 (in part), t. 
Cratzgus tomentosa, Emerson, Trees Mass. 435 (not Lin- 182 (not Scheele) (1892). — Koehne, Herb. Dendr. No. 
neus) (1846); ed. 2, ii. 494, t. 232. 
Crataegus coccinea, var. mollis, Watson & Coulter, Gray's Crateegus coccinea subvillosa, Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. 
Man. ed. 6, 165 (in part) (1890). Crategi, 31, f. (not Crategus subvillosa, Torrey) (1897). 
A tree, from twenty to twenty-five feet mm height, with a tall trunk occasionally a foot in diameter 
covered with light gray-brown scaly bark, and ascending or spreading ashy gray branches forming a 
broad handsome head ; or often a tall intricately branched shrub. The branchlets are slender, more or 
less zigzag, marked by small oblong orange-colored lenticels, and armed with numerous thin straight or 
somewhat curved bright chestnut-brown shining spines from two inches and a half to three inches in 
length; dark green and coated with hoary tomentum when they first appear, they become light or dark 
orange-brown by midsummer, when they are still slightly tomentose, and during their first autumn they 
are glabrous, lustrous, and light red-brown or dark orange-brown ; they are gray tinged with green or 
pale orange-brown during their second summer, and finally slowly losing their lustre turn ashy gray. The 
leaves are ovate, acute, gradually narrowed and cuneate at the nearly entire base, coarsely doubly serrate 
above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided into three or four pairs of short acute lobes; at the 
end of May or early in June when the flowers open they are about half grown, and are then roughened 
on the upper surface by short stiff pale haus and are soft-pubescent below, particularly along the 
midribs and veins, and in the autumn they are membranaceous, dark yellow-green and scabrous above, 
pale below, from three inches to three inches and a half long and from two inches to two inches and a 
half wide, with thick yellow midribs and remote primary veins only slightly impressed on the upper 
side and puberulous on the lower side; they are borne on stout nearly terete grooved petioles more 
or less winged at the apex, tomentose when they first appear, puberulous at maturity, often bright red 
toward the base, and from one to two inches long. The stipules vary from linear to narrowly obovate 
and are acute, glandular-serrate, tomentose, and from one third to one half of an inch in length. On 
vigorous leading shoots the leaves are broadly ovate, cuneate, rounded, truncate or occasionally slightly 
cordate at the base, often four inches long and from three inches to three inches and a half wide, with 
lunate coarsely glandular-dentate stipules frequently nearly an inch in length. The flowers are an inch 
in diameter, in broad many-flowered thick-branched tomentose compound corymbs, with narrowly obovate 
acute coarsely glandular-serrate tomentose bracts and bractlets. The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic 
and covered with a thick coat of long matted white hairs, and the lobes are gradually narrowed from 
broad bases and are acute, glandular, with large red stipitate glands, glabrous, or sometimes villose on 
the outer surface, and usually spreading when the flowers open. There are ten stamens with slender 
elongated filaments and small pale yellow anthers, and from three to five styles surrounded at the base 
by a narrow ring of long white hairs. The fruit, which ripens and falls in Massachusetts during the 
first half of September, hangs on elongated slender villose pedicels, in broad gracefully drooping many- 
fruited clusters; it is pear-shaped, bright orange-red, lustrous, marked by large scattered pale dots, 
puberulous toward the base, and about three quarters of an inch long; the calyx is much enlarged, 
and persistent, with a broad deep cavity and erect coarsely glandular-serrate lobes ; the flesh is yellow, 
