104 
River at Medford, Massachusetts.’ 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 
ROSACEZ. 
It is now common in parks and gardens in the neighborhood of 
Boston, where it develops a tall straight stem and promises to grow to a large size. 
This handsome Thorn is named in memory of James Arnold,’ through whose enlightenment and 
liberality the establishment of the Arnold Arboretum was made possible. 
1 Two large tree-like plants of Crategus Arnoldiana have been 
found by Mr. L. L. Dame at the foot of a wooded bank on the 
Mystic River near the end of Hastings Lane, West Medford. 
2 James Arnold (September 9, 1781-December 3, 1868), a native 
of Providence, Rhode Island, was a strong member of a strong New 
England family, born neither to poverty nor riches. On October 
29, 1807, he married Sarah, daughter of William Rotch, Jr., of 
New Bedford, and removed to that town to become the business 
partner of his father-in-law, who was engaged in whale-fishing. 
Mr. Arnold devoted himself to his business with such energy and 
intelligence that he was able to retire from its active pursuit with 
a large fortune at the age of fifty. He was described as a man 
of acute and powerful intellect, able to compel success in whatever 
direction his judgment might determine. The book of nature had 
probably little charm for him, although his garden was long famous 
as the most beautiful in southern Massachusetts. Originally laid 
out on straight rectangular lines, it was transformed by an excel- 
lent Welsh gardener, Llewellyn, into a delightful retreat with wind- 
ing walks and shrubbery arranged to conceal the boundaries, to 
open and close vistas, and to give to an area of about three acres 
an idea of extent far beyond its true dimensions. 
One of Mr. Arnold’s friends was George B. Emerson, the author 
of A Report on the Trees and Shrubs growing naturally in the Forests 
of Massachusetts. 
son’s judgment in everything that related to agriculture and horti- 
culture, and there is little doubt that it was at his suggestion that 
Mr. Arnold had great confidence in Mr. Emer- 
this clause was inserted in Mr. Arnold’s will: “To George B. 
Emerson, John James Dixwell and Francis E. Parker, Esqrs of 
Boston, in trust, to be by them applied for the promotion of agri- 
cultural or horticultural improvements or other philosophical or 
philanthropical purposes at their discretion, and to provide for the 
continuance of this Trust hereafter to such persons, on such con- 
ditions as they or a majority of them may deem proper, to carry 
out the intention of the donor, one and one-quarter of one of said 
twenty-four parts.” 
These trustees under the inspiration, no doubt, of Mr. Emerson, 
seconded certainly by John James Dixwell, who was a lover and 
successful cultivator of trees, conceived the idea of an arboretum 
to be established in Massachusetts, and made with the Corporation 
of Harvard College the arrangement by which the Arnold Arbore- 
tum was secured for the University. 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE. 
Pirate DCLXVIII. Crate#eus ARNOLDIANA. 
1. A flowering branch, natural size. 
NH SO RP w LW 
. Vertical section of a flower, enlarged. 
. A calyx-lobe, enlarged. 
. A fruiting branch, natural size> 
. Vertical section of a fruit, natural size. 
. A nutlet, side view, enlarged. 
- A nutlet, rear view, enlarged. 
