ROSACEZE. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 105 
CRATZIGUS CHAMPLAINENSIS. 
Haw. 
STAMENS 10; anthers light yellow. Leaves ovate, acute, thick, blue-green. 
Cratzegus Champlainensis, Sargent, Rhodora, iii. 20 (1901). 
A tree, from fifteen to twenty feet in height, with a tall stem eight or ten inches in diameter 
covered with dark deeply fissured bark broken on the surface into thin loose plate-like scales, and 
stout wide-spreading branches which form a round-topped and often symmetrical head. The branchlets 
are slender, somewhat zigzag, marked by numerous large oblong pale lenticels, and armed with straight 
or slightly curved chestnut-brown spines from an inch and a half to two inches in length ; light green 
and coated with hoary tomentum when they first appear, they become glabrous and light chestnut- 
brown and lustrous during their first season and ashy gray during their second year. The leaves are 
ovate, acute, rounded, truncate, slightly cordate or broadly cuneate at the base, usually divided into 
two or three pairs of short narrow acute lobes, and coarsely and frequently doubly serrate, with glandular 
teeth ; in early spring they are roughened above by short pale hairs and are villose-pubescent below, 
and at maturity they are thick and firm in texture, conspicuously blue-green and glabrous on the upper 
surface, light yellow-green on the lower surface, which is somewhat pubescent on the slender midribs 
and remote primary veins, from two inches to two inches and a half long and from an inch to an 
inch and a half wide; they are borne on slender deeply grooved petioles which, more or less 
tomentose at first, usually become glabrous and bright red below the middle before the autumn, and 
are from three quarters of an inch to an inch in length. The flowers, which are three quarters of 
an inch in diameter and open during the first week in June, are borne on short slender pedicels, 
in compact few-flowered compound densely villose corymbs, with lanceolate or oblanceolate coarsely 
glandular-serrate caducous bracts and bractlets. The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic and coated with 
thick hoary tomentum, and the lobes are lanceolate, finely glandular-serrate, tomentose on the outer 
surface usually only below the middle, villose on the inner surface, and reflexed after the flowers 
open. There are ten stamens with small light yellow anthers, and five styles surrounded at the 
base by tufts of pale hairs. The fruit, which ripens early in September and remains on the branches 
until after the new year, is borne on short pedicels, in compact erect villose clusters ; it is obovate 
or oblong, bright scarlet, marked by scattered pale lenticels, and more or less villose or pubescent 
toward the ends ; the calyx is prominent and persistent, with a long tube and broad shallow cavity, 
and the lobes are gradually narrowed from broad bases, acuminate, finely glandular-serrate, villose, 
dark red on the upper side below the middle, and spreading or erect; the flesh is thick, yellow, dry, 
and mealy. The five nutlets are thick, broadly ridged on the back, and five sixteenths of an inch in 
length. 
Crategus Champlainensis grows on heavy clay soil, and is a frequent inhabitant of the hmestone 
ridges of the Champlain valley, from Middlebury, Vermont, and Crown Point, New York, northward, 
and of the valley of the St. Lawrence, where it has been found at Chateaugay, Adirondack Junction, 
and Caughnawaga in the Province of Quebec, and where it was discovered in September, 1899, by 
Mr. J. G. Jack. 
1 John George Jack (April 15, 1861) was born at Chateaugay father’s family about 1830, and later engaged in farming and in 
near Montreal in the Province of Quebec, the son of a Scotch fruit-growing until his death in 1900, testing during his career as a 
farmer of French Huguenot descent who came to Canada with his fruit-grower of more than forty years hundreds of varieties of 
