ROSACEZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 109 
CRATAiGUS ELLWANGERIANA. 
Scarlet Haw. 
STAMENS 10; anthers rose color. Leaves oval, rounded or broadly cuneate at the 
base, membranaceous. 
Crategus Ellwangeriana, Sargent, Bot. Gazette, xxxiii. 118 (1902). 
A tree, sometimes twenty feet in height, with a tall trunk often a foot in diameter covered with 
pale gray bark broken into small closely appressed scales, and divided into several ascending branches 
which form a broad symmetrical head ; or frequently shrub-like, with numerous stems springing from 
a single root, and beginning to flower when only six or eight feet tall. The branchlets are slender, 
zigzag, marked by occasional small pale lenticels, and armed with stout straight or somewhat curved 
dark chestnut-brown shining spines from an inch and a half to two inches in length, or unarmed; when 
they first appear they are dark green and covered with long matted pale hairs, and during their first 
summer they are light chestnut-brown and slightly villose, becoming dark chestnut-brown and very 
lustrous m their second year, and ultimately ashy gray. The leaves are oval, acute at the apex, full 
and rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, irregularly divided, usually only above the middle, into 
numerous short acute lobes, and coarsely and often doubly serrate, with straight or incurved glandular 
teeth ; about half grown when the flowers open the middle of May, they are then roughened above 
by short pale hairs, and villose below along the slender midribs and primary veins, and in the autumn 
they are membranaceous, light green and scabrous on the upper surface, pale and nearly glabrous on 
the lower surface, from two inches and a half to three inches and a half long and from two to three 
inches wide; they are borne on slender nearly terete petioles which, at first villose, are finally glabrous 
and vary from an inch and a half to two inches in length. The stipules are oblong-obovate, acute, 
villose, coarsely glandular-serrate, and half an inch long, those of upper leaves being mostly persistent 
until after the ripening of the fruit. The flowers are an inch in diameter, and are produced on short 
stout pedicels, in many-flowered densely villose corymbs, with lanceolate coarsely serrate caducous 
bracts and bractlets. The calyx-tube is broadly obconic and villose, and the lobes are elongated, 
lanceolate, glandular, with small pale stalked glands, villose on both surfaces, and generally reflexed 
after the flowers open. There are usually ten but sometimes eight stamens with small rose-colored 
anthers, and from three to five styles. The fruit, which ripens and falls from the middle to the end of 
September, is borne on slender glabrous pedicels from three quarters of an inch to an inch and a half in 
length, in drooping villose many-fruited crowded clusters; it is oblong, full, and rounded at the ends, 
bright crimson, very lustrous, covered, particularly near the ends, with scattered pale hairs, about an inch 
long and from one half to three quarters of an inch wide; the calyx-cavity is narrow and shallow, and 
the lobes are elongated, glandular-serrate above the middle, villose on the inner surface, and spreading, 
or erect and incurved ; the flesh is thin, yellow, juicy, and acid. The nutlets, which vary from three to 
five in number and from one quarter to one third of an inch in length, are thick, pale brown, and 
deeply and often doubly and irregularly grooved on the back. 
Crategus Ellwangeriana is common in the neighborhood of Rochester, New York. 
This handsome Thorn-tree, which is one of the largest and most beautiful in the northern states, 
was named for Mr. George Ellwanger,! the distinguished horticulturist, in whose nurseries at Rochester a 
1 George Ellwanger (December 2, 1816) was born in the pic- | Wiirtemburg, where he attended the village school until the age of 
turesque village of Gross-Heppach in the valley of the Rems in fourteen, and from early childhood assisted his father, who was a 
